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- Effects of a short-term temperature increase on arthropod communities associated with pasturesPublication . Wallon, Sophie; Tsafack, Noelline; Pozsgai, Gabor; Melo, Catarina; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Elias, R.B.ABSTRACT: The impact of climate change on islands is expected to cause dramatic consequences on native biodiversity. However, limited data are available for arthropod communities in island agroecosystems. In this study, we simulate a small-scale climatic change (average of +1.2°C), using Open Top Chambers (OTCs) in forage crops in the Azores Archipelago (Portugal) and test the responses of arthropod communities associated with intensively-managed pastures. At three sites, twenty 1 x 1 m plots were established: 10 treatment plots with OTCs and 10 control plots. Arthropods were sampled with pitfall traps on two sampling events (winter and summer of 2020). When considering all species collected, arthropods' abundance was lower in OTCs. Specific taxa, namely spiders and beetles, showed a fast response to the OTCs' presence. The assemblage of non-indigenous spiders well adapted to pastures showed a significant difference in diversity with a slightly greater richness, but lower abundance inside the warmer plots. However, the presence of OTCs resulted in a decrease in beetle richness and abundance. This decline may be attributed to the multiple effects of warming. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct further investigations to elucidate the ecological processes that underlie the observed patterns.
- Unveiling Arthropod Responses to Climate Change: A Functional Trait Analysis in Intensive PasturesPublication . Wallon, Sophie; Rigal, François; Melo, Catarina; Elias, Rui B.; Borges, Paulo A. V.This study investigates the impact of elevated temperatures on arthropod communities in intensively managed pastures on the volcanic island of Terceira, Azores (Portugal), using a functional trait approach. Open Top Chambers (OTCs) were employed to simulate increased temperatures, and the functional traits of ground dwelling arthropods were analyzed along a small elevation gradient (180–400 m) during winter and summer. Key findings include lower abundances of herbivores, coprophagous organisms, detritivores, and fungivores at high elevations in summer, with predators showing a peak at middle elevations. Larger-bodied arthropods were more prevalent at higher elevations during winter, while beetles exhibited distinct ecological traits, with larger species peaking at middle elevations. The OTCs significantly affected the arthropod communities, increasing the abundance of herbivores, predators, coprophagous organisms, and fungivores during winter by alleviating environmental stressors. Notably, iridescent beetles decreased with elevation and were more common inside OTCs at lower elevations, suggesting a thermoregulatory advantage. The study underscores the importance of considering functional traits in assessing the impacts of climate change on arthropod communities and highlights the complex, species-specific nature of their responses to environmental changes.
- Relatório final do projeto PASTURCLIM - Possíveis impactes das alterações climáticas nas pastagens dos AçoresPublication . Elias, R. B.; Melo, Catarina; Wallon, Sophie; Maduro Dias, Cristiana; Borba, A.E.S.; Madruga, João; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Ferreira, Maria TeresaO efeito de estufa é um fenómeno natural que permite que o planeta Terra tenha uma temperatura média adequada à existência de vida. Este efeito é causado pela presença na atmosfera de gases com efeito de estufa (GEE) (vapor de água, dióxido de carbono, metano, óxido nitroso e outros) que evitam que parte do calor emitido pela Terra seja perdido para o espaço. No entanto, a emissão excessiva, com origem humana, de alguns destes gases, principalmente dióxido de carbono, metano e óxido nitroso, aumentam o efeito de estufa, e causarão alterações na temperatura, precipitação e outros elementos climáticos nas próximas décadas ou séculos.
- Possíveis impactes das alterações climáticas nas pastagens dos AçoresPublication . Elias, Rui B.; Melo Drumonde, Catarina; Wallon, Sophie; Maduro Dias, Cristiana; Borba, Alfredo E. S.; Madruga, João; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Ferreira, Maria T.Este livro apresenta os principais resultados do projeto PASTURCLIM, que decorreu em três pastagens da ilha Terceira. Recorrendo a câmaras de topo aberto (CTA), o objetivo foi simular o aumento da temperatura previsto durante este século, como resultado do aquecimento global, e avaliar os efeitos: (1) Na produtividade das pastagens, na qualidade da forragem e na disponibilidade de nutrientes do solo; (2) Na composição da comunidade de artrópodes, principalmente aracnídeos e insectos, associados às pastagens. Apesar de não estar nos objetivos iniciais do projeto, avaliámos ainda o efeito do aumento da temperatura na produção in vitro de metano.
- Festa do Bioblitz Açores 2023: tantas espécies que vivem no Jardim!Publication . Amorim, Isabel R.; Parmentier, Laurine; Leite, Abrão; Wallon, Sophie; Ros Prieto, Alejandra; Costa, Ricardo; Lhoumeau, Sébastien; Barcelos, Paulo J.M.; Mendonça, Paulo; Coelho, Ruben; Rodrigues, António F. F.; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Malumbres-Olarte, JagobaNo passado dia 17 de junho de 2023 a Terceira, conhecida entre os açorianos como a ilha festeira, recebeu novamente a festa do bioblitz – BioBlitz Açores 2023. Tal como no primeiro BioBlitz Açores em 2019, o Jardim Duque da Terceira em Angra do Heroísmo foi o local escolhido para a realização desta cada vez mais conhecida atividade de ciência cidadã: “cidadãos comuns” sem formação formal em ciência, orientados por especialistas, participaram na produção de conhecimento científico, neste caso em particular, sobre a biodiversidade que existe nos Açores. E como de um BioBlitz se trata, foram seguidas as diretrizes para este tipo de evento, isto é, a inventariação da biodiversidade, realizada conjuntamente por cientistas e participantes leigos, ocorreu durante um período limitado, sessões com cerca de duas horas, e numa área bem definida, o Jardim Duque da Terceira.
- Fichas de Espécies - ArthropodaPublication . Borges, Paulo A. V.; Vieira, Virgilio; Wallon, Sophie; Cardoso, Pedro; Picanço, Ana; Lamelas-López, Lucas; Amorim do Rosário, Isabel; Serrano, Artur; Nunes, Lina; Duarte, Sónia; Soares, António O.; Stüben, Peter E.; Borges, IsabelABSTRACT: Arthropods, and especially certain groupsof insects, due to their enormous specificrichness, abundance and fidelity tocertain habitats, among other factors, area fundamental tool in studies of ecologicalbio-indicators and biodiversity.
- Biodiversity insights from BioBlitz surveys on Terceira Island, AzoresPublication . Borges, Paulo; Malumbres-Olarte, Jagoba; Gabriel, Rosalina; Videira, Sandra; Rodrigues, António Félix; Lhoumeau, Sébastien Georges André; Ros Prieto, Alejandra; Melo, Cecilia; Pozsgai, Gabor; Oyarzabal da Silva, Guilherme; Parmentier, Laurine Marie; Lamelas López, Lucas; Canelas Boieiro, Mário Rui; Barcelos, Paulo; Costa, Ricardo; Coelho, Ruben; Wallon, Sophie; Gonçalves, Susana; Arroz, Ana; Amorim do Rosário, Isabel; Elias, RuiABSTRACT: This manuscript is the first scientific publication of the project “BioBlitz Azores". The project was launched in 2019 and had a second event in 2023 under the scope of the FCT-MACRISK project, surveying the historic public garden "Jardim Duque da Terceira", in the historical centre of Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira Island (Azores, Portugal). In addition to contributing directly to the knowledge of Azorean biota, BioBlitz Azores aims to engage the non-scientific community - including volunteers, amateur naturalists, students, teachers, families and other garden visitors - to foster a sense of community and raise awareness about Azorean biodiversity and its conservation.
- A comprehensive trait dataset for Terrestrial Arthropods of the Azores: insights for conservation, island ecology and species invasionPublication . Oyarzabal da Silva, Guilherme; Rigal, François; Cardoso, Pedro; Amorim do Rosário, Isabel; Costa, Ricardo; Lhoumeau, Sébastien Georges André; Wallon, Sophie; Macías-Hernández, Nuria; Terzopoulou, Sofia; Triantis, Kostas; Borges, P.A.V.; Silva, DanielABSTRACT: Species functional traits provide critical insights into how organisms interact with and respond to their environment. Key characteristics, such as body size, dispersal ability and trophic specialisation influence species' survival, reproduction and adaptability. Island ecosystems, particularly oceanic archipelagos like the Azores, serve as ideal natural laboratories for studying these traits due to their unique biogeographic history and high endemism. Arthropods, as dominant colonisers and ecosystem engineers, exhibit rapid adaptation and trait diversification in these isolated settings. However, island arthropods face escalating threats from habitat loss, climate change and invasive species, which disrupt ecological functions and increase extinction risks. Under the scope of BALA (Biodiversity of Arthropods from the Laurisilva of Azores) project (1999-2021) and SLAM (Long Term Ecological Study of the Impacts of Climate Change in the natural forest of Azores) project (2012-2025), we obtained a comprehensive and standardised dataset of arthropods functional traits currently known to occur in the Azores Archipelago.