CEEAplA Working Paper Series 2006
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- Inter-Household private transfers and underlying motives : evidence for BulgariaPublication . Menezes, António Gomes deThe effects of interactions between private transfer behavior and income redistribution policies depend on the motives underlying private income transfers. This paper tests for two different potential motives: pure altruism versus simple exchange, in the presence of capital market imperfections. Using household survey data for Bulgaria, microeconometric evidence is found that both motives are in effect. We also find evidence that capital market imperfections are likely to be binding for consumption smoothing, and hence are an important cause of private transfers. The results indicate that social security benefits “crowd in” the incidence of private transfers, but not the amounts transferred.
- Can over-education account for the positive association between education and within-groups wage inequality?Publication . Budría, SantiagoInternational evidence shows that conditional wage dispersion increases as we move towards more educated individuals. This paper asks whether over-education accounts for this fact. The answer is a resounding 'no'.
- Willingness to pay for airline services attributes : microeconometric evidence from a stated preference discrete choice modelPublication . Menezes, António Gomes de; Vieira, José CabralWe analyze consumer preferences for airline services attributes between Ponta Delgada and Lisbon. For this purpose, we conduct a stated preferences choice game and estimate a microeconometric model à la McFadden (1974). Our results are statistically significant and imply willingness to pay measures economically high for attributes such as punctuality warranties and comfort. We interpret these results at the light of the theories found in Kahneman (2003). Willingness to pay for additional daily flights is quite low. This result is important to how should the policy maker liberalize this sector.
- Economic inequality in Spain : the European Community household panel datasetPublication . Budría, Santiago; Díaz-Giménez, JavierThis article uses data from the 1998 European Community Household Panel to study economic inequality in Spain. It reports data on the Spanish distributions of income, labor income, and capital income, and on related features of inequality, such as age, employment status, educational attainment, and marital status. It also reports data on the income mobility of Spanish households, and data on income inequality in other European countries and in the U.S. We find that income, earnings, and, very especially, capital income are very unequally distributed in Spain and that economic inequality in Spain is well above the European average.
- Teaching Keynes's principle of effective demand and chapter 19Publication . Andini, CorradoThis paper extends a model proposed by Dalziel and Lavoie (2003) and discuss the main difference between Keynes and the neoclassical theory in the extended framework: the consequences of money-wage flexibility.
- Computable general equilibrium models : a literature reviewPublication . Menezes, António Gomes de; Fortuna, Mário; Silva, Francisco; Vieira, José CabralApplied general equilibrium models have become popular tools used on ongoing economic policy debates. In this paper we discuss at length the most proeminent features of applied general equilibrium models in a comprehensive and non-technical way, thus accessible to the reader interested in economic policy but with no prior formal exposure to economic modeling. We rationalize the increasing political demand for such models as policy analysis tools. We argue that applied general equilibrium models are best equipped to model regional economies.
- Eficiência técnica dos hospitais portugueses 1997-2004 : uma análise (regional) com base num modelo de fronteira estocásticaPublication . Menezes, António Gomes de; Rendeiro, Marco Forjaz; Vieira, José CabralEste estudo estima um modelo de fronteira estocástica à la Battese e Coelli (1992, 1995) para explicar a função custo variável de um conjunto de 51 hospitais Portugueses para o período 1997-2004. Os resultados obtidos têm forte valor estatístico e interessante significado económico. Entre os diversos resultados inovadores do estudo, de referir que os hospitais SA/EPE e os hospitais com sistemas de gestão de qualidade certificada apresentam custos variáveis superiores aos demais. De referir, ainda, que variáveis de índole regional, como a população da cidade e a região onde se situa o hospital, explicam cerca de 60% da eficiência técnica hospitalar estimada. Estes resultados têm importantes implicações políticas para as questões de localização e concentração dos hospitais Portugueses.
- Supermarket site assessment and the importance of spatial analysis dataPublication . Mendes, Armando B.; Cardoso, Margarida G.M.S.; Oliveira, Rui CarvalhoThis work is part of a dissertation that addresses the supermarket site assessment problem. We propose a 3-steps method for stores' site evaluation. (The 1st step yields the constitution of analogue groups of existent supermarkets, using a clustering procedure. On the 2nd step we use classification trees to classify new stores into specific analogue groups. Finally, on the 3rd step, we build a linear regression model to forecast new sites’ sales, based on several predictor variables, including dummy variables referred to analogue groups). In order to deal with demographic and competition data related to each supermarket, we use neighborhood delimitation techniques. Three alternative delimitation techniques and two aggregation procedures are compared. Results are evaluated based on the proportion of sales turnover variance that the alternative predictors are able to explain. (As a result, we select one aggregation procedure, although we conclude that none of the delimitation models: shortest path polygons and multiplicative weighted Voronoi diagrams, first and second order, present similar performance). Finally, we compare the relative importance of spatial data predictors in site assessment evaluation, using Dominance Analysis. As a result, the relevance of spatial analysis predictors clearly emerges being only dominated by the "trade area".
- Políticas de asilo e de direito de asilo na União EuropeiaPublication . Rodrigues, José NoronhaA ideia de asilo pode-se dizer que é tão antiga como os primórdios da humanidade, talvez, por isso, existe uma panóplia de literatura e de legislação (Internacional e/ou Europeia) que, de forma directa e/ou indirecta, caracterizam, essa problemática. Todavia, somos da opinião de que “ (…) não existe, efectivamente, um verdadeiro Direito de Asilo na União Europeia, pelo menos, no sentido em que, tradicionalmente, ele é considerado, como um conjunto de normas jurídicas harmónicas e correlacionadas entre si. Existem, sim, várias políticas de asilo, díspares entre os diversos Estados-Membros (…)”
- Forecast of hotel overnights in the autonomous region of the AzoresPublication . Santos, Carlos; Couto, Gualter; Pimentel, PedroThis paper concentrates on the application of various time series methods in order to forecast the monthly overnights in Azorean hotels. The aim is to find out the degree to which the forecast of overnights segmented by country of origin, presents smaller errors when compared with the forecast of the total overnights in the Region. The appropriate forecasting method by a tourist’s country of origin, is also analyzed so that potential optimal combinations of separate forecasts can be found in order to forecast the total overnights in Azores.