CEEAplA Working Paper Series 2006
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- Can over-education account for the positive association between education and within-groups wage inequality?Publication . Budría, SantiagoInternational evidence shows that conditional wage dispersion increases as we move towards more educated individuals. This paper asks whether over-education accounts for this fact. The answer is a resounding 'no'.
- A computable general equilibrium modeling platform for the azorean economy : a simple approach with international tradePublication . Bayar, Ali; Fortuna, Mário; Sisik, Suat; Mohora, Cristina; Silva, FranciscoComputable general equilibrium models have become commonplace instruments of economic policy analysis in many developed countries. These models have gained increased acceptance due to their capacity to address many policy questions in a simple way, using now commonly available databases on the structure of production in the form of input-output matrices, while retaining traditional economic assumptions for household, firm and government behaviour, among others such as trade. In this paper we lay –out the model for application to the Azorean economy. The model contemplates households, firms, government, and trade. It is calibrated using a SAM built from a 1998 I-O table with all information updated to 2001. The impact of changes in trade is analysed.
- Computable general equilibrium models : a literature reviewPublication . Menezes, António Gomes de; Fortuna, Mário; Silva, Francisco; Vieira, José CabralApplied general equilibrium models have become popular tools used on ongoing economic policy debates. In this paper we discuss at length the most proeminent features of applied general equilibrium models in a comprehensive and non-technical way, thus accessible to the reader interested in economic policy but with no prior formal exposure to economic modeling. We rationalize the increasing political demand for such models as policy analysis tools. We argue that applied general equilibrium models are best equipped to model regional economies.
- Determinants of length of stay : a parametric survival analysisPublication . Menezes, António Gomes de; Moniz, Ana Isabel ArrudaLength of stay is one of the most important decisions made by tourists as it conditions their overall expenditure and stress caused on local resources. This paper estimates survival analysis models to learn the determinants of length of stay as survival analysis naturally lends itself to study the time elapsed between arrival and departure at a destination. It is found that individual sociodemographic profiles, such as nationality and gender, and attributes of actual trip experiences, such as repeat visitor behavior and overall satisfaction, are important determinants of length of stay. Thus, this paper’s regression results can be used to estimate the probability that a given group of individuals experiences a stay longer than a given threshold. This is important to the design of marketing strategies that effectively influence length of stays.
- Economic inequality in Spain : the European Community household panel datasetPublication . Budría, Santiago; Díaz-Giménez, JavierThis article uses data from the 1998 European Community Household Panel to study economic inequality in Spain. It reports data on the Spanish distributions of income, labor income, and capital income, and on related features of inequality, such as age, employment status, educational attainment, and marital status. It also reports data on the income mobility of Spanish households, and data on income inequality in other European countries and in the U.S. We find that income, earnings, and, very especially, capital income are very unequally distributed in Spain and that economic inequality in Spain is well above the European average.
- Eficiência técnica dos hospitais portugueses 1997-2004 : uma análise (regional) com base num modelo de fronteira estocásticaPublication . Menezes, António Gomes de; Rendeiro, Marco Forjaz; Vieira, José CabralEste estudo estima um modelo de fronteira estocástica à la Battese e Coelli (1992, 1995) para explicar a função custo variável de um conjunto de 51 hospitais Portugueses para o período 1997-2004. Os resultados obtidos têm forte valor estatístico e interessante significado económico. Entre os diversos resultados inovadores do estudo, de referir que os hospitais SA/EPE e os hospitais com sistemas de gestão de qualidade certificada apresentam custos variáveis superiores aos demais. De referir, ainda, que variáveis de índole regional, como a população da cidade e a região onde se situa o hospital, explicam cerca de 60% da eficiência técnica hospitalar estimada. Estes resultados têm importantes implicações políticas para as questões de localização e concentração dos hospitais Portugueses.
- Forecast of hotel overnights in the autonomous region of the AzoresPublication . Santos, Carlos; Couto, Gualter; Pimentel, PedroThis paper concentrates on the application of various time series methods in order to forecast the monthly overnights in Azorean hotels. The aim is to find out the degree to which the forecast of overnights segmented by country of origin, presents smaller errors when compared with the forecast of the total overnights in the Region. The appropriate forecasting method by a tourist’s country of origin, is also analyzed so that potential optimal combinations of separate forecasts can be found in order to forecast the total overnights in Azores.
- A História do Direito de Asilo no Direito InternacionalPublication . Rodrigues, José NoronhaApós os acontecimentos fatídicos ocorridos a 11 de Setembro de 2001, nos Estados Unidos, a 11 de Março de 2005, em Espanha e a 21 de Julho de 2005, em Londres, temos obrigatoriamente, que analisar o sistema internacional de protecção dos refugiados. Principalmente, porque, os estrangeiros em geral, independentemente, da nacionalidade passaram a ser vistos como alvos a abater. Estará então, em crise o sistema internacional de protecção dos refugiados? Julgamos que não. Desde que, não confundamos os refugiados, os requerentes de asilo, os deslocados, e os imigrantes em geral com os terroristas.
- The impact of IFRS in the financial information of the portuguese companiesPublication . Couto, Gualter; Cordeiro, RubenWith the purpose of increasing the efficiency of the European finance market, the European Union forced the classified companies in the share market to publish, from January 1st, 2005 onwards, their consolidated financial statements with the support of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), emanated of International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). This study intends to measure the impact caused by IFRS application in the financial information of the Portuguese business companies, belonging to the Eurolist by Euronext Lisbon. The results demonstrated that the structure of the consolidated balance sheet and income statement suffered a relevant accounting conversion, conditioning the measure made to the performance and the financial position of the business companies. However, one verified that the accounting variations occurred didn't reveal a pattern, being excessively inconstant. The existence of dependent relationships was verified among the relative percentage verified in some accounting items and the business dimension of the companies. The larger the dimension of the studied companies the bigger the impact of the IFRS application.
- Impacto dos Fundos Estruturais no PIB e no emprego : uma aplicação ao caso dos AçoresPublication . Laranjeira, Ana; Fortuna, Mário; Silva, FranciscoDesde a Segunda Guerra Mundial têm sido construídos modelos de planeamento regional para análise de problemas ambientais e sistemas de transporte. Os métodos Econométricos têm evoluído consideravelmente desde os seus primórdios nas décadas de 50 e de 60, altura em que eram dominados pelas ideias originárias da modelização econométrica nacional. A evolução da modelização regional tem sido bastante independente da modelização nacional, em grande parte devido às limitações de dados e às preocupações específicas da política económica regional. Foi propósito deste trabalho desenvolver um modelo susceptível de calcular o impacto dos fundos estruturais na economia açoriana, nomeadamente na geração do Produto Interno Bruto e do Emprego. Para além desta pretensão, o presente trabalho procurou determinar de que forma a gestão e/ou aplicação desses fundos comunitários influencia ou não o peso dos principais sectores de actividade na economia açoriana. Para este efeito, recorre-se a um modelo econométrico regional: um modelo clássico de regressão múltipla, cujas equações são bloco-recursivas.