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Naufrágio das Civilizações: o caso particular dos refugiados na União Europeia
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Por motivos diversos, cada vez mais pessoas tentam entrar na Europa em busca de melhores condições de vida. Isso coloca a cada Estado do Velho Continente o desafio de lidar com a questão e de saber quais os casos em que, em virtude de normas nacionais e internacionais vigentes, é obrigado a acolher esses estrangeiros, definitiva ou temporariamente, ou não. Está em causa, por um lado, a soberania dos Estados e por outro, a garantia de direitos humanos fundamentais de estrangeiros e apátridas que se viram privados deles nos seus países de origem.
No presente trabalho procuraremos assim abordar a questão dos refugiados no caso particular da União Europeia e no período temporal que vai de 2015 à atualidade, discorrendo sobre a origem da atual crise de refugiados na Europa, as respostas que vêm sendo dadas ao abrigo da legislação comunitária e interna dos vários Estados-Membros, concluindo que existe uma falta de uniformização no atual Sistema Europeu Comum de Asilo (SECA) que o Novo Pacto em matéria de Migração e Asilo, lançado a 23 de setembro de 2020, se propõe combater, mas que ainda tem um longo caminho a percorrer.
Veremos que os desafios que se colocam hoje já não são os mesmos de 2015, quando o mundo, em particular a Europa despertou para a problemática dos refugiados, que viram a sua situação, já de si precária, agudizar-se pela pandemia de COVID-19. E como se a provação ainda não fosse bastante, a 24 de fevereiro de 2022 a Rússia invade a Ucrânia deixando o mundo à beira de uma Terceira Guerra Mundial e provocando um
crescimento exponencial do número de refugiados.
ABSTRACT: For various reasons, more and more people try to enter Europe in search of better living conditions. This places every State of the Old Continent with the challenge of dealing with the issue and of knowing in which cases, on account of national and international norms in effect, it is obliged to welcome these foreigners, definitively or temporarily, or not. It is in question, on the one hand, the sovereignty of States and, on the other hand, the guarantee of fundamental human rights of foreigners and stateless persons who were deprived of them in their countries of origin. In the present work, we will thus seek to address the issue of refugees in the particular case of the European Union and in the time period from 2015 to the present time, discussing the origin of the current refugee crisis in Europe, the answers that have been given under community and internal legislation of the various Member States, concluding that there is a lack of standardization in the current Common European Asylum System (CEAS) that the New Pact on Migration and Asylum, launched on September, 23 of 2020, aims to combat, but which still has a long way to go. We will see that the challenges faced today are no longer the same as in 2015, when the world, in particular Europe, woke up to the problem of refugees, who saw their already precarious situation worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. And as if the ordeal was not enough, on February, 24 of 2022 Russia invades Ukraine leaving the world on the edge of a Third World War and causing an exponential growth in the number of refugees.
ABSTRACT: For various reasons, more and more people try to enter Europe in search of better living conditions. This places every State of the Old Continent with the challenge of dealing with the issue and of knowing in which cases, on account of national and international norms in effect, it is obliged to welcome these foreigners, definitively or temporarily, or not. It is in question, on the one hand, the sovereignty of States and, on the other hand, the guarantee of fundamental human rights of foreigners and stateless persons who were deprived of them in their countries of origin. In the present work, we will thus seek to address the issue of refugees in the particular case of the European Union and in the time period from 2015 to the present time, discussing the origin of the current refugee crisis in Europe, the answers that have been given under community and internal legislation of the various Member States, concluding that there is a lack of standardization in the current Common European Asylum System (CEAS) that the New Pact on Migration and Asylum, launched on September, 23 of 2020, aims to combat, but which still has a long way to go. We will see that the challenges faced today are no longer the same as in 2015, when the world, in particular Europe, woke up to the problem of refugees, who saw their already precarious situation worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. And as if the ordeal was not enough, on February, 24 of 2022 Russia invades Ukraine leaving the world on the edge of a Third World War and causing an exponential growth in the number of refugees.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado, Relações Internacionais: O Espaço Euro-Atlântico, 17 de maio de 2023, Universidade dos Açores.
Keywords
Direito de Asilo Refugiados COVID-19 União Europeia
Citation
Caldeiras, Sandra Maria Pinto. (2022). "Naufrágio das Civilizações: o caso particular dos refugiados na União Europeia". 116 p. (Dissertação de Mestrado em Relações Internacionais: O Espaço Euro-Atlântico). Ponta Delgada: Universidade dos Açores, 2022. Disponível em http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/6778