Publication
Portugal e a CEE: As Causas e as Consequências da Sua Adesão
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A 25 de abril de 1974, dava-se fim ao Estado Novo, um regime autoritário de inspiração fascista que vigorava desde 1933. No entanto, o processo de transição não foi pacífico, tendo havido um forte risco de Portugal cair no raio de influência da União das Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas (URSS). No entanto, nas duas primeiras eleições legislativas, tornou-se claro que o trajeto a ser definido seria um regime de cariz liberal e próximo a países como a França, a República Federal Alemã (RFA) e o Reino Unido.
Pela mesma altura, Espanha também tinha saído do regime franquista e as intenções da Comunidade Económica Europeia (CEE) era que ambos os países ibéricos se tornassem membros da referida organização internacional ao mesmo tempo.
Aos poucos, foi consagrado o interesse de aderir ao projeto europeu, tendo este sido demorado por conta das condições económicas do país e não seria até 1985 que Portugal viria a tornar-se Estado-membro.
Com o passar dos anos, a qualidade de vida e os níveis económicos e sociais de Portugal, assim como das Regiões Autónomas, foram melhorando graças à adoção das políticas comunitárias, tais como a Política Agrícola Comum (PAC), a livre circulação de bens e pessoas entre os estados-membros, a moeda única e políticas sociais e ambientais, com o apogeu deste processo de integração sendo a assinatura do Tratado de Lisboa em 2009.
No entanto, as desigualdades sociais, as crises migratórias, o crescente envelhecimento da população e a má gestão dos fundos comunitários são desafios que têm vindo a contribuir para um crescente euroceticismo, o que poderá constituir um entrave no futuro.
ABSTRACT: On April 25th, 1974, the Estado Novo, a fascist-inspired authoritarian regime established since 1933, has ended. However, the transitional period wasn’t pacific, with strong chances of Portugal falling under the Soviet Union’s influence. Despite that, after the two first legislative elections were held, it was made sure that the next step would be a liberal regime, close to countries like France, the United Kingdom and the German Federal Republic. By the same time, Spain also left the Francoist regime and the EEC had the intention that both Iberian countries would become members at the same time. Slowly, the country established its interest to join the European project, although the entry process took time to happen considering the country’s economic situation and it wouldn’t be until 1985 that Portugal would become a member-state. As the years passed, Portugal’s life quality and economic and social levels, as well as the ones from the Autonomous Regions, got better thanks to the adoption of communitarian policies like the Common Agricultural Policy, the unrestricted circulation of goods and people within the member-states, the unified currency and social and environmental policies, with the signing of the Treaty of Lisbon in 2007 consolidating its integration process. However, social inequality, migratory crisis, the growing population’s aging and mismanagement of communitarian funds are challenges that have been contributing for a growing Euroscepticism that might constitute an obstacle in the future.
ABSTRACT: On April 25th, 1974, the Estado Novo, a fascist-inspired authoritarian regime established since 1933, has ended. However, the transitional period wasn’t pacific, with strong chances of Portugal falling under the Soviet Union’s influence. Despite that, after the two first legislative elections were held, it was made sure that the next step would be a liberal regime, close to countries like France, the United Kingdom and the German Federal Republic. By the same time, Spain also left the Francoist regime and the EEC had the intention that both Iberian countries would become members at the same time. Slowly, the country established its interest to join the European project, although the entry process took time to happen considering the country’s economic situation and it wouldn’t be until 1985 that Portugal would become a member-state. As the years passed, Portugal’s life quality and economic and social levels, as well as the ones from the Autonomous Regions, got better thanks to the adoption of communitarian policies like the Common Agricultural Policy, the unrestricted circulation of goods and people within the member-states, the unified currency and social and environmental policies, with the signing of the Treaty of Lisbon in 2007 consolidating its integration process. However, social inequality, migratory crisis, the growing population’s aging and mismanagement of communitarian funds are challenges that have been contributing for a growing Euroscepticism that might constitute an obstacle in the future.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado, Relações Internacionais: O Espaço Euro-Atlântico, 24 de maio de 2023, Universidade dos Açores.
Keywords
Portugal União Europeia
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Carreiro, Donaldo da Costa. (2022). "Portugal e a CEE: As Causas e as Consequências da Sua Adesão". 82 p. (Dissertação de Mestrado em Relações Internacionais: O Espaço Euro-Atlântico). Ponta Delgada: Universidade dos Açores, 2022. Disponível em http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/6770