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O impacto social da presença norteamericana na ilha Terceira, Açores, durante o período do Estado Novo (1933-1974)
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Abstract(s)
A investigação subjacente à tese que agora se apresenta, pretende fazer perpetuar as memórias e a identidade de uma comunidade — neste caso, a da ilha Terceira — em consequência da presença estrangeira que aqui se estabeleceu.
O nosso estudo incide primordialmente, sobre o impacto que a presença norteamericana, sediada na Base das Lajes, teve na população insular, presença esta que se oficializa em 1946 e que ainda hoje se faz sentir.
Por consequência, esta pesquisa centra-se no período temporal de 1933 a 1974, isto é, os primórdios da Base das Lajes: desde a construção do aeródromo, com a sua pista de terra batida, até à chegada dos britânicos e as consequências das obras de melhoramento do campo de aviação, para os proprietários da planície das Lajes, como para a comunidade em geral, apresentando com maior incidência os impactos sociais
resultantes da presença norte-americana que se iria oficializar, após a desmobilização da Royal Air Force, em 1946, e até ao final do Estado Novo em 1974.
Em relação à presença dos militares norte-americanos, questão central neste trabalho, abordamos também os processos de adoção/entrega de crianças terceirenses a casais norte-americanos, bem como os matrimónios entre jovens insulares e militares, atendendo ao impacto que a presença estrangeira trouxe, mas que também permitiu vislumbrar a perspetiva de uma nova vida na outra margem do Atlântico, impulsionando a emigração e o perseguir do american dream. Destes casos resulta um conjunto de conclusões e reflexões que se vão levantando no seguimento da investigação, desde logo, a reflexão em torno da emigração e da miragem de uma melhor qualidade de vida, sendo esta uma das grandes motivações das jovens nubentes, mas também dos progenitores que entregam os seus filhos quase como se de uma “emigração” antecipada se tratasse, vislumbrando um melhor futuro para eles e uma fuga à pobreza endémica dos Açores. Tendo estes sido fenómenos arquipelágicos, não se centraram unicamente na ilha Terceira, foram transversais a todo o arquipélago. Cremos que estes dois fenómenos são instrumentais para se compreender o impacto social dos norteamericanos na Terceira, e nos Açores em geral.
É nosso intuito resgatar e preservar as memórias de uma comunidade que vivenciou os fortes impactos da presença norte-americana e comprovar como esta presença transformou a vida e a quietude insular, trazendo desenvolvimento e prosperidade às gentes da ilha. Este recuo ao passado pretende ser um legado para as gerações futuras, com o intuito de compreender melhor as consequências sociais da implantação da Base das Lajes.
ABSTRACT: The underlying investigation of this thesis has the intention of perpetuate the memories and identity of a community - in this case, Terceira Island – in consequence of the foreign presence established here. The primordial focus of our study, is the impact that the North American presence, stationed on Lajes Base, had on the island population. A presence that became oficial in 1946 and it is still alive nowadays. Consequently, this research is centered on the time period from 1933 to 1974, that is, the beginnings of the Lajes Base, from the construction of the aerodrome, with its dirt track, to the arrival of the British and the consequences of the improvement works of the airfield, for the owners of the plain of Lajes, as for the community in general, presenting with greater incidence to the social impacts resulting from the North American presence that would become official, after the Royal Air Force demobilization, in 1946, until the end of Estado Novo in 1974. We also aproach, in behalf of the north american militaires presence, central issue in this work, the processes of Terceira island children adoption/delivery by american couples as well as the marriages between young islanders with the militaries, not only because the impact of their presence but also because allowed them to prospect a new life on the other side of the Atlantic, boosting emigration and the pursuit of the “american dream”. From these cases there are a set of conclusions and reflections that are raised during the course of the investigations, from the outset, a reflection on emigration and the mirage of a better quality life, that not only is a great motivation of the nubile young women, but also of the parents who deliver their children to adoption almost if it was an “anticipated emigration”, envisionig a better future for them and an escape of the Azores endemic poverty. These archipelagic phenomena were not only centered in Terceira Island they were transversal to the entire archipelago. We believe that two phenomena are instrumental to understand the social impact of north american on Terceira, and on the Azores in general. It is our intention to recover and preserve the memories of a community that experienced the strong impacts of the north american presence and to demonstrate how this presense has transformed life and the insular tranquility, bringing development and prosperity to the people of the Island. This retreat into the past is intended to be a legacy for future generations, in order to better understand the social consequences of the implementation of the Lajes Base.
ABSTRACT: The underlying investigation of this thesis has the intention of perpetuate the memories and identity of a community - in this case, Terceira Island – in consequence of the foreign presence established here. The primordial focus of our study, is the impact that the North American presence, stationed on Lajes Base, had on the island population. A presence that became oficial in 1946 and it is still alive nowadays. Consequently, this research is centered on the time period from 1933 to 1974, that is, the beginnings of the Lajes Base, from the construction of the aerodrome, with its dirt track, to the arrival of the British and the consequences of the improvement works of the airfield, for the owners of the plain of Lajes, as for the community in general, presenting with greater incidence to the social impacts resulting from the North American presence that would become official, after the Royal Air Force demobilization, in 1946, until the end of Estado Novo in 1974. We also aproach, in behalf of the north american militaires presence, central issue in this work, the processes of Terceira island children adoption/delivery by american couples as well as the marriages between young islanders with the militaries, not only because the impact of their presence but also because allowed them to prospect a new life on the other side of the Atlantic, boosting emigration and the pursuit of the “american dream”. From these cases there are a set of conclusions and reflections that are raised during the course of the investigations, from the outset, a reflection on emigration and the mirage of a better quality life, that not only is a great motivation of the nubile young women, but also of the parents who deliver their children to adoption almost if it was an “anticipated emigration”, envisionig a better future for them and an escape of the Azores endemic poverty. These archipelagic phenomena were not only centered in Terceira Island they were transversal to the entire archipelago. We believe that two phenomena are instrumental to understand the social impact of north american on Terceira, and on the Azores in general. It is our intention to recover and preserve the memories of a community that experienced the strong impacts of the north american presence and to demonstrate how this presense has transformed life and the insular tranquility, bringing development and prosperity to the people of the Island. This retreat into the past is intended to be a legacy for future generations, in order to better understand the social consequences of the implementation of the Lajes Base.
Description
Tese de Doutoramento, História Insular e Atlântica (séculos XV-XX), 15 de setembro de 2023, Universidade dos Açores.
Keywords
Base das Lajes Azores Impacto Social Adoção de Crianças Emigração
Citation
Santos, Tânia Gabriela Godinho. (2022). "O impacto social da presença norteamericana na ilha Terceira, Açores, durante o período do Estado Novo (1933-1974)". 991 p. (Tese de Doutoramento em História Insular e Atlântica). Ponta Delgada: Universidade dos Açores, 2022. Disponível em http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/7033