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A gestão social da propriedade na ilha de São Jorge durante a segunda metade do século XIX
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Abstract(s)
No século XIX o Liberalismo veio consagrar a propriedade como o principal instrumento de acesso dos cidadãos à riqueza e ao usufruto das capacidades cívicas e políticas. A posse de bens passou a determinar a importância e o lugar do indivíduo na sociedade, fazendo com que a terra e a sua distribuição social constituíssem factores decisivos de produção e de reprodução económica, social e política. Este estudo pretende dar uma visão
panorâmica das grandes unidades que organizavam a distribuição da terra numa pequena ilha dos Açores (São Jorge), durante a segunda metade do século XIX. Utilizando monografias e arquivos locais, imprensa periódica e alguns testamentos iremos analisar o modo como os grupos sociais e algumas instituições geriam, distribuíam e controlavam a terra. Este conjunto de
processos sedimentava estruturas e contribuía para moldar o campo económico,
bem como as relações e as redes de poder. Contudo, sobretudo ao longo do último quartel do século XIX, a intensa emigração consolidou-se como um importante factor de mudança social. Muitas famílias camponesas
viram os seus recursos aumentar e tornaram-se proprietárias, abrindo assim
o mercado fundiário.
ABSTRACT: In the nineteenth century, liberalism made property the principal factor for citizens to access wealth and enjoy civic and political rights. Landownership determined the importance and status of the individuals in a given society. Land and its social distribution assumed a crucial roles in social, political and economic production and reproduction. This article provides an overview of the land distribution in a little island of the Azores, during the second half of the nineteenth century. It analyzes, using both primary and secondary sources, the means through which different social groups and institutions managed and concentrated land. These processes strengthened social structures and shaped the economic field, as well as the power relations between groups and individuals. However, in the last quarter of the 19th century, emigration increased the resources of local peasant families, open the land market and augmented the acess to full ownership.
ABSTRACT: In the nineteenth century, liberalism made property the principal factor for citizens to access wealth and enjoy civic and political rights. Landownership determined the importance and status of the individuals in a given society. Land and its social distribution assumed a crucial roles in social, political and economic production and reproduction. This article provides an overview of the land distribution in a little island of the Azores, during the second half of the nineteenth century. It analyzes, using both primary and secondary sources, the means through which different social groups and institutions managed and concentrated land. These processes strengthened social structures and shaped the economic field, as well as the power relations between groups and individuals. However, in the last quarter of the 19th century, emigration increased the resources of local peasant families, open the land market and augmented the acess to full ownership.
Description
Keywords
História dos Açores (séc. XIX) História Económica e Social Sociedades Camponesas Peasant Societies Social and Economic History
Pedagogical Context
Citation
"ARQUIPÉLAGO. História". ISSN 0871-7664. 2ª série, vols. 11-12 (2007-2008): 73-121