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Improving biodiversity in Central and Eastern European gardens needs regionally scaled strategies

datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas
datacite.subject.sdg15:Proteger a Vida Terrestre
dc.contributor.authorVarga-Szilay, Zsófia
dc.contributor.authorBarševskis, Arvids
dc.contributor.authorBenedek, Klára
dc.contributor.authorBevk, Danilo
dc.contributor.authorJojczyk, Agata
dc.contributor.authorKristin, Anton
dc.contributor.authorRůžičková, Jana
dc.contributor.authorSeric Jelaska, Lucija
dc.contributor.authorVeromann, Eve
dc.contributor.authorVilumets, Silva
dc.contributor.authorfetykó, kinga gabriela
dc.contributor.authorSzövényi, Gergely
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-26T12:08:01Z
dc.date.available2026-01-26T12:08:01Z
dc.date.issued2025-03-28
dc.description.abstractABSTRACT: Amid ongoing urbanisation, gardens are expected to play an increasing role in enhancing urban biodiversity by supplementing green areas and improving landscape connectivity. Biodiversity-friendly gardens also improve human well-being and foster connections between nature and people. To study these benefits, we distributed a questionnaire (n = 5255), and used a scoring system to evaluate gardens’ ecological value (GAR index), gardeners' attitudes (RES index), and pesticide use habits (PES index). We used machine learning to explore how these indices interact and what sociodemographic factors drive them across Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Our aim was to explore the ecological values of gardens and gardening practices, identifying characteristics that might contribute to building high biodiversity. We found significant variability within and between countries, with Romania scoring low and Czechia high in all indices. Domestic pesticide use was ubiquitous across CEE and largely unaffected by sociodemographic factors. Increased time spent gardening was associated with the highest pesticide use and a greater potential for fostering high biodiversity. Gardeners aged over 55 tended to uphold longstanding conventional practices and thus lowered both PES and GAR index scores. The local differences highlight the need for regionally tailored biodiversity-friendly gardening guidelines instead of standardised regulations across Europe. Effective environmental education and community programs can be developed based on local biodiversity and the three indices we used. These programs should inform gardeners about the environmental and health impacts of pesticides and provide comprehensive biodiversity-related knowledge. This is especially important in CEE, where such initiatives are currently underrepresented.eng
dc.identifier.citationVarga-Szilay, Z., Barševskis, A., Benedek, K., Bevk, D., Jojczyk, A., Krištín, A., Růzicková, J., Jelaska, L. S., Vernomann, E., Vilumets, S., Fetykó, K. G., Szovényi, G. & Pozsgai, G. (2025). Improving biodiversity in Central and Eastern European gardens needs regionally scaled strategies. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 113, 129074
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129074
dc.identifier.eissn1610-8167
dc.identifier.issn1618-8667
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/8822
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier GMBH
dc.relationSlovenian Research Agency - No. P1–0255
dc.relationFRACTAL (Interreg Alpine Space)
dc.relationSlovak Scientific Grant Agency VEGA 2/0097/23
dc.relationEstonian Research Council grant PRG1056
dc.relationThe Croatian Science Foundation - MEDITERATRI project (HRZZ UIP 2017–05–1046)
dc.relationOpen Access - FCT-UIDP/00329/2020–2024 (Thematic Line 1 – integrated ecological assessment of environmental change on biodiversity, https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/00329/2020)
dc.relationAzores DRCT Pluriannual Funding (M1.1.A/FUNC.UI&D/010/2021–2024)
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S161886672500408X?via%3Dihub
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectRural-urban gradient
dc.subjectUrban ecosystems
dc.subjectEnvironmental consciousness
dc.subjectSustainable gardening
dc.subjectEnvironmental sensitivity
dc.subjectUrbanisation
dc.titleImproving biodiversity in Central and Eastern European gardens needs regionally scaled strategieseng
dc.typeresearch article
dcterms.referencesdoi:10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129074
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage13
oaire.citation.issue129074
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleUrban Forestry & Urban Greening
oaire.citation.volume113
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameVarga-Szilay
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