GBA - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais / Articles in International Journals
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- Spatial and structural characteristics of occupied nests of Calonectris borealis (Cory, 1881) in the Central Azores in 2025Publication . Parmentier, Laurine Marie; Vedovelli, Alice; Petrone, Andrea; Coelho, Ruben; García, Miriam; Oyarzabal da Silva, Guilherme; Neves, Verónica; Borges, P.A.V.ABSTRACT: The Azores Archipelago hosts approximately 75% of the global breeding population of Cory’s shearwater (Calonectris borealis). This species faces threats ranging from habitat degradation and invasive predators to climate change, which increase the vulnerability of its breeding sites. Effective conservation and threat assessment require data on breeding habitats, yet such information remains scarce. To address this gap, we aimed to provide a standardised baseline of the spatial and structural characteristics of active nests in the Azores Region.
- The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Risk Behaviors and Nonsuicidal Self‑Injury in AdolescencePublication . Carvalho, Célia Barreto; Cordeiro, Filipa; Benevides, Joana; Motta, Carolina da; Arroz, Ana Moura; Cabral, Joana MouraABSTRACT: Through the adaptive use of emotions, emotional intelligence enables emotional information processing and allows the individual to use their emotions more adaptively. Several studies have shown an association between emotional dysregulation, risk behaviors and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). The present study aims to characterize emotional intelligence (i.e., emotional comprehension and emotional management/regulation ability) and explore its relationships with risk behaviors and NSSI in a sample of 559 Portuguese adolescents (224 males and 335 females) with ages between 14 and 20 years old. The Situational Test of Emotional Understanding – Brief (STEU-B), the Situational Test of Emotional Management – Brief (STEMB), and the Impulse, Self-harm and Suicide Ideation Questionnaire for Adolescents (ISSIQ-A) were the measures used. Higher levels of emotional intelligence were found in female participants, in older participants (17–20), participants with higher school education and participants with higher socioeconomic level. The regression model using STEU-B, STEM-B, gender, and the interaction between STEU-B and gender explained 16% of the variance in risk behaviors and 12% of the variance in NSSI, and revealed that emotion management/regulation is a negative correlate of these behaviors. The results in this study emphasize the importance of interventions targeting emotional intelligence aimed at youth when preventing or reducing risk behaviors and NSSI.
- Bryophytes of Santa Maria Island (Azores, Portugal): an updated inventoryPublication . Morgado, Leila; Polaino-Martín, Clara; Poponessi, Silvia; Silveira, Gabriela; Aguiar Sousa, Mariana; Borges, Paulo; Gabriel, Rosalina; Mologni, FabioA bryophyte survey was conducted on Santa Maria Island in 2019, taking advantage of the MOVECLIM-AZO project expedition to the Island, while adding collections in different sites. The standard collection follows the Global Island Monitoring Scheme (GIMS) protocol for bryophytes across three altitudinal levels (16, 200 and 400 m a.s.l.) and substrates, while the other specimens were collected opportunistically to improve the known dataset of bryophyte occurrences in Santa Maria. Opportunistic sampling was carried out guided by taxonomic expertise, while visiting different locations between 31 and 464 m a.s.l. and exploring diverse substrates. The survey resulted in the collection of 85 species and 810 specimens (occurrence records), obtained from 264 events. This research presents a dataset that expands current knowledge about bryophyte diversity on Santa Maria Island and supports future studies.
- The Deep-Sea Preyscapes of Mammalian Top PredatorsPublication . Merten, Véronique; Guilpin, Marie; Parker, Julia; Oudejans, Machiel; Dolan, Shannon; Baumann-Pickering, Simone; Hazen, Elliott; Barcelos, Luís; Guerreiro, Miguel Fernandes; Porteiro, Filipe; Franzenburg, Sören; Bayer, Till; Hoving, Henk-Jan; Visser, FleurPrey richness, accessibility, and density shape predator foraging strategies. Deep-sea preyscapes, however, remain largely unknown, limiting our understanding of how prey presence and distribution shape predator movement, energy budget, and ecological role. Using combined eDNA metabarcoding and hydroacoustics, we investigated the deep-sea cephalopod and fish preyscapes of three co-occurring cetacean predators (Risso's dolphins (Grampus griseus), Sowerby's beaked whales (Mesoplodon bidens), and goose-beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris)) across an inshore-offshore gradient. We tested whether (i) prey acoustic backscatter (a metric for density) and taxonomic richness decreased with distance from shore; (ii) predators exploit localized peaks in prey density and richness; and (iii) prey composition and density varied across adjacent foraging habitats along the inshore-offshore gradient. Across 117 samples, we detected 37 cephalopod and 66 fish taxa, including other top predators (sharks). Acoustic backscatter was concentrated within the deep scattering layer (DSL). Yet, peak taxonomic richness occurred above and below it, suggesting that the local DSL holds relatively limited fish and cephalopod richness. The offshore DSLs were vertically shallower and more stable, while the inshore DSL was deeper and bifurcated, possibly due to predator avoidance. Contrary to expectation, acoustic backscatter offshore was up to fivefold higher than inshore, and taxonomic richness did not decrease with distance from shore. Fish communities varied primarily with depth, whereas cephalopod communities varied along the inshore-offshore gradient. Bathypelagic offshore foraging zones of goose-beaked whales contained overall low acoustic backscatter but high taxonomic richness. This suggests that goose-beaked whales may target large, energy-rich cephalopods and prioritize prey quality over density. Our results reveal vertical and horizontal habitat complexity in an oceanic ecosystem that may shape predator–prey interactions and habitat partitioning among cetacean species.
- New national and regional bryophyte records, 84Publication . Wilbraham, Joanna; Abdirasulov, Farrukh; Alvarez, Denise Jacqueline; Andrade, Rui; Pires Bento da Silva Elias, Rui Miguel; Gabriel, Rosalina; Zander, Richard
- Unpacking Dimensionality and Response Bias in the Environmental Identity Scale: A Methodological Investigation in the Portuguese ContextPublication . Arroz, Ana; Picanço, Ana; Pereira, Enésima; Gabriel, Rosalina; Clayton, SusanUnderstanding individuals’ connection to nature is crucial for promoting sustainable attitudes and behaviors. The environmental identity (EID) scale, widely used to assess this connection, plays a key role in environmental research; however, its cross-cultural application requires rigorous psychometric validation. Although the revised 14-item EID scale has demonstrated good reliability, questions remain regarding its dimensionality and the potential influence of acquiescence due to exclusively positive worded items. This study examined both issues in Portuguese samples. In Study 1, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the factorial structure. Results supported a two-factor model with correlated dimensions: Restorative Connection to Nature (RCN) and Ecological Identity (EI), rather than a strictly unidimensional solution. In Study 2 acquiescence was assessed by comparing the original version with a balanced version that included partially reverse-worded items. Item distributions, factor loadings, and reliability were analyzed. The balanced version did not improve control of acquiescence; instead, reversed-worded items showed weaker loadings, lower explanation variance, and method effects, suggesting increased measurement bias. Overall, the findings support the robustness of the revised 14-item EID scale in Portugal while indicating that environmental identity is better conceptualized as a bidimensional construct portraying both reflective connection and identity-based engagement with nature. The results also highlight the limitations of reverse-worded items as a strategy for reducing response bias in value-laden constructs.
- Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents for Polyphenol Extraction: Opportunities and LimitationsPublication . Rosa, Gonçalo; Barreto, Maria do Carmo; Seca, Ana; Pinto, Diana; Vlase, Ana-MariaPolyphenols are structurally diverse plant secondary metabolites with broad biological activities and growing applications across the food, health, and materials sectors. Conventional extraction based on organic solvents (e.g., methanol, ethanol) is often energy-intensive, inefficient, and environmentally burdensome. Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have therefore emerged as greener alternatives for polyphenol extraction. This review evaluates recent advances in solvent design, extraction performance, and process sustainability. Imidazolium-based ILs frequently achieve high yields and selectivity, particularly when coupled with ultrasound or microwave-assisted extraction, but high cost, synthetic complexity, viscosity-related constraints, and potential toxicity hinder scaleup. By contrast, DESs—especially those derived from choline chloride or lactic acid—are easier to prepare, less costly, and more compatible with industrial implementation, with efficiency enhanced by tailoring hydrogen bond networks, water content, and process intensification. Critical downstream challenges persist for both solvent classes, notably in extract purification and solvent recovery due to low volatility; approaches such as resin adsorption, antisolvent precipitation, and direct formulation have been explored. Overall, ILs and DESs represent compelling alternatives to conventional solvents, and future progress will depend on integrated extraction–recovery strategies, systematic solvent selection, and validation under scalable, sustainable processing conditions.
- Integrating plot-based methods for monitoring biodiversity in island habitats under the scope of BIODIVERSA+ project BioMonI: Beetle monitoring in Pico and Terceira IslandsPublication . Borges, P.A.V.; Dal Lago, Alexandra; Amorim do Rosário, Isabel; Carvalho, Rui; Crespo, Luís Carlos; Nunes, Rui; Pereira, Fernando; Rego, Carla; Gabriel, Rosalina; Rigal, François; Cardoso, Pedro; Guerrero-Ramírez, NathalyOceanic island native forests have become highly fragmented and yet host a disproportionate share of endemic arthropod diversity. Long-term monitoring and conservation planning are often limited by the scarcity of standardised, plot-based datasets for key indicator taxonomic groups, such as the megadiverse beetles (Coleoptera). Under the scope of the projects EU-NETBIOME grant 0003/2011, FCT MACDIV – FCT-PTDC/BIABIC/0054/2014 and BIODIVERSA+ funded BioMonI, we compile and mobilise a baseline dataset of forest beetles from the Azores using a network of 16 permanent 50 m × 50 m native-forest plots (Pico: 6 plots; Terceira: 10 plots). Beetles were sampled with an optimised COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment) protocol complemented by beetle-targeted sampling techiques (under-bark/epiphyte and coarse woody debris/ground refugia searches), enabling repeatable and comparable monitoring across islands and through time.
- The biogeography of evolutionary radiations on oceanic archipelagosPublication . Brée, Baptiste; Matthews, Thomas; Fernández-Palacios, José María; Paroissin, Christian; Triantis, Kostas; Whittaker, Robert; Rigal, FrançoisEvolutionary radiations on oceanic archipelagos (ROAs) have long served as models for understanding evolutionary and ecological processes underlying species diversification. Yet, diversity patterns emerging from ROAs have received relatively little attention from biogeographers, even though characterizing the effect of key geo-environmental factors on island clade species could be important for unraveling diversification dynamics. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis using island-specific species richness values for approximately one hundred ROAs across major oceanic archipelagos (mostly Hawaii, Canary Islands, Galápagos and Fiji) and taxa (vascular plants, invertebrates and vertebrates). Our aim was to determine whether (1) ROA species richness patterns scale as a function of key geo-environmental factors including island area, geological age, environmental heterogeneity (elevation and topographic complexity) and inter-island isolation, and (2) whether the magnitude of the effects of these factors varies across archipelagos and taxa. Our results identified elevation as a key driver of ROA species richness patterns on islands, supporting existing theoretical and empirical work that highlighted the central role of environmental heterogeneity in driving diversification on oceanic islands. As importantly, we found that the influence of geo-environmental factors varies across archipelagos and taxa, suggesting that unique archipelagic dynamics and biological traits together shape diversification differently. Our findings emphasize the value of applying biogeographical modeling at the resolution of individual radiations to improve our understanding of evolutionary processes on oceanic archipelagos.
- Global extinction risk assessment of soil-dependent species: recent progress and recommendationsPublication . Cox, Neil; Westrip, James; Bowles, Philip; Hilton-Taylor, Craig; Hochkirch, Axel; Jenkins, Richard; Mueller, Gregory; Borges, P.A.V.; Briones, Maria; Canteiro, Cátia; Chaudhary, V. Bala; Farfan, Monica; Feitosa, Rodrigo; Guerra, Carlos; Gongalsky, Konstantin; Henriques. Sergio; LaPolla, John; Leandro, Camila; Lindo, Zoe; Manley, Bethan; Numa, Catherine; Ozman-Sullivan, Sebahat; Parnell, J. Jacob; Potapov, Anton; Sánchez, Alberto; Schwarzfeld, Marla; Silva-Flores, Patricia; Sullivan, Gregory; Tsiafouli, Maria; Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando; Vilonen, Leena; Zaitsev, AndreySoil biodiversity is crucial to the maintenance of multiple critical ecosystem functions and services. However, remarkably little is known about the conservation status of most soil-dependent species. To better understand the current situation, we determined the number of soil-dependent species listed in the various categories of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Firstly, a definition of soil-dependent species was developed for IUCN Red List purposes, and this definition facilitated the identification of 8,653 currently listed soil-dependent species. These species included 503 invertebrate and fungal species assessed during the current study; these species were chosen as they were based on priorities for the Red List Strategic Plan, and IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) Specialist Group interests. We discuss progress and constraints on the IUCN Red List assessment of soil-dependent species worldwide. Our recommendations for the IUCN SSC to improve the IUCN Red List as a source of information on conservation of soil-dependent species are: (1) scaling up of SSC assessment processes for soil-dependent invertebrates and fungi, including establishment of a Soil Biota Working Group, in line with the IUCN Red List Strategic Plan; (2) building closer connections with other organizations and agencies researching and monitoring soil biodiversity; and (3) broader engagement with and education of governments, landholders and the public as to the fundamental importance of the conservation of global soil biodiversity.