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Desigualdades de género no mercado laboral açoriano : o caso dos jovens mais escolarizados
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A presente investigação tem como principal objetivo caraterizar as desigualdades de género no mercado de trabalho açoriano, analisando, num primeiro momento, a generalidade da população empregada e, numa segunda fase, aprofundando o caso específico dos jovens mais escolarizados, pois este grupo social encontra-se no cerne das mudanças sociais relacionadas com as desigualdades de género. As desigualdades de género no mercado de trabalhos foram averiguadas a partir das seguintes componentes: a segregação horizontal, a segregação vertical e as desigualdades salariais. Pretende-se, também, analisar a influência da escolaridade nas desigualdades de género nas componentes mencionadas anteriormente. É ainda averiguada a relação entre a conciliação emprego-família e as desigualdades de género no mercado de trabalho açoriano.
De modo a conseguir cumprir os objetivos propostos nesta dissertação, foi realizada uma análise aos dados dos Quadros de Pessoal de 2019, analisando a população empregada no setor privado e, posteriormente, estes dados foram aprofundados com a recolha de 24 entrevistas realizadas a jovens, comparando-se os diplomados do ensino superior com os não diplomados.
Com a análise de dados foi possível verificar que existem desigualdades de género no mercado de trabalho açoriano, em todas as componentes, seguindo a tendência do contexto nacional. A presença do diploma do ensino superior não protege os indivíduos de serem alvo de desigualdades de género, no entanto, existem algumas atenuações. Por fim, verificou-se que a conciliação emprego-família condiciona as desigualdades de género do mercado de trabalho. No caso dos jovens mais escolarizados, notou-se a persistência das desigualdades de género neste grupo social, associados à presença de estereótipos de género, destacando-se, também, a existência de modelos de partilha das tarefas familiares mais igualitários, com ambos os elementos do casal a prestar cuidados aos filhos, no entanto, as mulheres surgem mais penalizadas nos casos de conflito na articulação emprego-família.
ABSTRACT: This investigation has as main objective to characterize the azorean gender inequalities in the work market, analyzing, at first glance, the majority of employed population, and at a second phase, deepening the specific case of the more graduated youth, since this social group has the core of the social changes related to gender inequalities. The gender inequalities of the workplace were investigated following these components: the horizontal segregation, the vertical segregation and the wage inequalities. Furthermore, it is analyzed the influence of the education level on the previously mentioned components. At last, we’ll discuss the relation between the conciliation of jobfamily and the gender inequalities on the azorean job market. To be able to accomplish the proposed objectives on this dissertation, the staff tables data from 2019 was analyzed, which were deepened with the collection of 24 interviews from young adults, comparing the graduated ones from the ungraduated. With the analysis of this data, it was possible to verify there is gender inequality in the job market, in all components, following the tendency of the national context. The existence of higher education does not imply people from being targeted for gender inequalities, however, it is less attenuated. Lastly, it was verified that the conciliation of job-family has impact on the gender inequalities in the job market. In the case of the younger people with more education, it was acknowledged the persistence of gender inequalities in this social group, associated to the existence of gender stereotypes, standing out the existence of models of more egalitarian chores, where both couple elements take care of their children, however, women end up being more penalized when it comes in the conflict cases between job-family.
ABSTRACT: This investigation has as main objective to characterize the azorean gender inequalities in the work market, analyzing, at first glance, the majority of employed population, and at a second phase, deepening the specific case of the more graduated youth, since this social group has the core of the social changes related to gender inequalities. The gender inequalities of the workplace were investigated following these components: the horizontal segregation, the vertical segregation and the wage inequalities. Furthermore, it is analyzed the influence of the education level on the previously mentioned components. At last, we’ll discuss the relation between the conciliation of jobfamily and the gender inequalities on the azorean job market. To be able to accomplish the proposed objectives on this dissertation, the staff tables data from 2019 was analyzed, which were deepened with the collection of 24 interviews from young adults, comparing the graduated ones from the ungraduated. With the analysis of this data, it was possible to verify there is gender inequality in the job market, in all components, following the tendency of the national context. The existence of higher education does not imply people from being targeted for gender inequalities, however, it is less attenuated. Lastly, it was verified that the conciliation of job-family has impact on the gender inequalities in the job market. In the case of the younger people with more education, it was acknowledged the persistence of gender inequalities in this social group, associated to the existence of gender stereotypes, standing out the existence of models of more egalitarian chores, where both couple elements take care of their children, however, women end up being more penalized when it comes in the conflict cases between job-family.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado, Políticas Sociais e Dinâmicas Regionais, 7 de fevereiro de 2022, Universidade dos Açores.
Keywords
Desigualdade de Género Género Jovem Mercado de Trabalho Açores Gender Inequalities Job Market
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Ponces, Rita Alexandra Carreiro (2022). "Desigualdades de género no mercado laboral açoriano: o caso dos jovens mais escolarizados", 147 p.. Dissertação de Mestrado em Políticas Sociais e Dinâmicas Regionais (Políticas Sociais, Família e Envelhecimento). Ponta Delgada: Universidade dos Açores. [Consult. Dia Mês Ano]. Disponível em www:<http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/6309>