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Estudo da sensibilização a ácaros na ilha de São Miguel - Açores
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Abstract(s)
Os Ácaros são pequenos artrópodes que pertencem à classe Arachnida e à subclasse Acari, também designada por Acarina. Sabe-se que os alergénios derivados dos ácaros desempenham um papel importante na patogénese da asma, eczema e rinite alérgica. Entre as espécies mais comuns de ácaros de pó, é possível destacar as seguintes: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Euroglyphus maynei, Blomia tropicalis e Lepidoglyphus destructor. No presente estudo seleccionaram-se aleatoriamente 103 pacientes com alergia respiratória observados na consulta de Imunoalergologia do Hospital do Divino Espírito Santo, EPE (HDES-EPE) e que apresentavam positividade nos testes cutâneos a ácaros. A este grupo determinou-se a prevalência da sensibilização a diferentes ácaros e, a correlação entre o grau de sensibilização e as características clínicas, demográficas e ambientais dos pacientes. Foi também seleccionado um grupo de 20 pacientes, dos 103 iniciais, para avaliação da sensibilização a recombinantes alergénicos da espécie D. pteronyssinus (Der p1, Der p2 e Der p 10), assim como, a sua relação com os níveis séricos de IgE específica. Por fim, testou-se a correlação entre o método tradicional de medição das pápulas de reacção dos testes cutâneos com o “software” Image-Pro Plus 5.0 by MediaCybernetics®179. Concluiu-se que as sensibilizações com maior taxa de prevalência na população em estudo foram aos ácaros D. pteronyssinus, B. tropicalis, L. destrutor e D. farinae. Os resultados demonstraram que a sensibilização a D. pteronyssinus é significativamente mais prevalente. Assim, sugere-se que estes ácaros sejam incluídos na bateria “standard” de alergénios a serem testados por testes cutâneos em picada nos procedimentos de diagnóstico de rotina na população Açoriana. No que concerne às correlações entre os factores demográficos, clínicos e ambientais com a sensibilização aos ácaros concluiu-se que: o ambiente com fumo, o número de pessoas por quarto de cama, os sintomas de conjuntivite e alergia cutânea estão positivamente e significativamente correlacionados com o grau de sensibilização. A nossa amostra caracteriza-se por apresentar maioritariamente uma sensibilização aos recombinantes alergénicos Der p1 e Der p2, os quais estão linearmente relacionados com o nível de IgE especifica de D. pteronyssinus. Estes resultados mostram que o nível de IgE específica é um óptimo preditor dos níveis de Der p1 e Der p2 na nossa amostra, mas não de Der p10. O conhecimento da sensibilização maioritária a Der p1 e a Der p2 na população Açoriana poderá auxiliar na escolha de vacinas para imunoterapia específica. Quanto aos métodos de medição das pápulas de reacção, ambos estão fortemente correlacionados, o que valida o método informático Image-Pro Plus 5.0 by MediaCybernetics®179.
ABSTRACT: Mites are small arthropods of the class Arachnida and subclass Acari, also known as Acarina. It is known that mite allergens play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma, eczema and rhinitis. Among the most common species of dust mites, it is possible to highlight the following: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Euroglyphus maynei, Blomia tropicalis and Lepidoglyphus destructor. In this study we selected 103 outpatients with respiratory allergy and with positive skin prick tests to mites that attended the Imunoallergology department in the Hospital do Divino Espírito Santo, EPE (HDES-EPE). The prevalence of sensitization to different mites and the association between the degree of sensitization and the clinical, demographic and environmental characteristics of patients were determined. Among this group, 20 patients were selected to evaluate the sensitization to the recombinant allergens of the species D. pteronyssinus (Der p1, Der p2 and Der p 10) and perform a direct comparison between recombinants and measures of serum IgE. Finally, we tested the correlation between the traditional method of measurement of papules skin reaction test with the method that uses the software Image-Pro Plus 5.0 by MediaCybernetics ® 179. We concluded that the sensitizations with higher prevalence in this study were to D. pteronyssinus, B.tropicalis, L. destructor and D. farinae. The results highlighted that the sensitization to D. pteronyssinus was significantly more prevalent. Thus, it is suggested that these mites should be included in the standard battery of allergens to be tested in the skin prick test, routinely used as diagnostic procedure in Azorean population. Regarding the association between demographic, clinical and environmental factors we concluded that: the environment with smoke, the number of persons per bedroom, the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis and atopic dermatitis are significantly and positively correlated with the degree of sensitization. Our sample is characterized a major sensitization to the recombinant allergens Der p1 and Der p2, that are linearly related with the level of D. pteronyssinus serum IgE. These results show that the level of IgE is an optimal predictor of the levels of Der p1 and Der p2, but not of Der p10. The knowledge that the majority of recombinant allergens in the Azorean population are Der p1 and Der p2 is important to assist in the choice of vaccines for specific immunotherapy. Regarding the methodology to measure the reaction papules, both tested methods were strongly correlated, which validates the method that uses the software Image-Pro Plus 5.0 by MediaCybernetics ® 179.
ABSTRACT: Mites are small arthropods of the class Arachnida and subclass Acari, also known as Acarina. It is known that mite allergens play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma, eczema and rhinitis. Among the most common species of dust mites, it is possible to highlight the following: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Euroglyphus maynei, Blomia tropicalis and Lepidoglyphus destructor. In this study we selected 103 outpatients with respiratory allergy and with positive skin prick tests to mites that attended the Imunoallergology department in the Hospital do Divino Espírito Santo, EPE (HDES-EPE). The prevalence of sensitization to different mites and the association between the degree of sensitization and the clinical, demographic and environmental characteristics of patients were determined. Among this group, 20 patients were selected to evaluate the sensitization to the recombinant allergens of the species D. pteronyssinus (Der p1, Der p2 and Der p 10) and perform a direct comparison between recombinants and measures of serum IgE. Finally, we tested the correlation between the traditional method of measurement of papules skin reaction test with the method that uses the software Image-Pro Plus 5.0 by MediaCybernetics ® 179. We concluded that the sensitizations with higher prevalence in this study were to D. pteronyssinus, B.tropicalis, L. destructor and D. farinae. The results highlighted that the sensitization to D. pteronyssinus was significantly more prevalent. Thus, it is suggested that these mites should be included in the standard battery of allergens to be tested in the skin prick test, routinely used as diagnostic procedure in Azorean population. Regarding the association between demographic, clinical and environmental factors we concluded that: the environment with smoke, the number of persons per bedroom, the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis and atopic dermatitis are significantly and positively correlated with the degree of sensitization. Our sample is characterized a major sensitization to the recombinant allergens Der p1 and Der p2, that are linearly related with the level of D. pteronyssinus serum IgE. These results show that the level of IgE is an optimal predictor of the levels of Der p1 and Der p2, but not of Der p10. The knowledge that the majority of recombinant allergens in the Azorean population are Der p1 and Der p2 is important to assist in the choice of vaccines for specific immunotherapy. Regarding the methodology to measure the reaction papules, both tested methods were strongly correlated, which validates the method that uses the software Image-Pro Plus 5.0 by MediaCybernetics ® 179.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências Biomédicas.
Keywords
Ácaro Artrópodes Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Imunoalergologia Ilha de São Miguel (Açores) Açores Immunoallergology
Citation
Ferreira, Telma Carolina Rego – "Estudo da sensibilização a ácaros na ilha de São Miguel - Açores". Ponta Delgada : Universidade dos Açores. 2013. VI, 46, [18] f.. Dissertação de Mestrado.