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Eduardo Read Teixeira (1914-1992) : um arquiteto Moderno nos Açores
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| Volume 1 | 2.37 MB | Adobe PDF | ||
| Volume 2 | 141.13 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Eduardo Read Henriques Teixeira (Ponta Delgada, 1914 – Lisboa, 1992) formou-se em arquitetura na Escola de Belas Artes de Lisboa, entre 1934 e 1940, e foi o primeiro açoriano a obter o Diploma de Arquitectura, em 1948. Descendente de uma família da nobreza local e de uma família inglesa – os Read, cresceu na Casa da Magnólia, em São Miguel, onde usufruiu do melhor que a ilha possuía e tinha para oferecer.
Durante a sua carreira profissional, além dos diversos cargos que desempenhou nos Ministérios das Obras Publicas, da Economia e da Saúde e Assistência, foi professor de arquitetura e integrou na Comissão das Construções Hospitalares, onde coordenou e projetou hospitais para todo o país, proferiu conferências e organizou a 1.ª Exposição Mundial de Arquitectura Hospitalar.
Como arquiteto independente, elaborou inúmeros projetos para Portugal Continental e para o Arquipélago dos Açores. No caso particular dos Açores, a sua obra divide-se em três fases: - no início dos anos 40, surpreendentemente, elabora os projetos do Asilo para Raparigas em Ponta Delgada e da Casa Deodato Soares, que evidenciam o purismo, o racionalismo e o funcionalismo da arquitetura de Le Corbusier e da Bauhaus;
- a meados dos anos 40, em pleno Estado Novo, a sua obra aproxima-se do historicismo e tradicionalismo do estilo Nacionalista, principalmente nos projetos do Asilo-Escola Agrícola de Ponta Delgada, dos Postos Agrícolas e do Hospital da Misericórdia da Povoação. De igual modo, em vários Miradouros, mas com cariz mais romântico. Curiosamente, nos projetos do Miradouro das Furnas e da Entrada do Palácio do Governo Civil de Ponta Delgada aproximasse da arquitetura neorrenascentista;
- e após o I Congresso Nacional de Arquitectura, em 1948, que ditou mudanças no paradigma da arquitetura oficial do Estado Novo, e por provável influência de Carlos Ramos, «professor admirável e infatigável defensor dos princípios modernos», que supervisionou o seu estágio, retoma e desenvolve os princípios do modernismo internacional, introduzindo um traço muito identitário evidente no tratamento da luz e na plasticidade que emprega, recorrendo, por vezes, a outros artistas. Nesta fase, que dura até finais dos anos 60, destaca-se, sobretudo, a Escola Industrial e Comercial, em Ponta Delgada e a Igreja de S. José, na Ribeira Chã, Lagoa. No plano urbanístico, também se destacou como seguidor da linguagem modernista.
Fruto desta análise, podemos afirmar que Read Teixeira, sucessor do pioneiro do modernismo, Manuel António de Vasconcelos, constitui, a par de João Correia Rebelo, o mais fiel aos princípios modernistas, a 2.ª geração de arquitetos modernistas nos Açores.
ABSTRACT: Eduardo Read Henriques Teixeira (Ponta Delgada, 1914 – Lisbon, 1992) majored in Architecture at the Lisbon School of Fine Arts between 1934 and 1940 and was the first Azorean to have received a Diploma in Architecture in 1948. He came from a local noble family of English origin – the Read family, spent his childhood at the Magnólia house in São Miguel, and enjoyed the best of what the island had to offer. Throughout his career, in addition to the various offices held at the ministries of Public Works, Economy, and Health and Welfare, he taught Architecture and was a member of the Committee for the Construction of Medical Units, where he coordinated and designed hospitals across the country, gave speeches at conferences and organised the 1st World Hospital Exhibition. As an independent architect, he designed many projects for Mainland Portugal and for the Azores islands. In the latter case, his work divided into three phases: - in the early 40s, quite surprisingly, he designed the projects for the Children’s Home for Girls in Ponta Delgada and the Deodato Soares house, both reflecting the purism, rationalism and functionalism typical of Le Corbusier and Bauhaus; - in the mid-40s, in the midst of Estado Novo (fascist regime in Portugal), his work has the earmarks of the historicism and traditionalism of the nationalist style, especially in the Children’s Home-Agricultural School of Ponta Delgada, the Farming Outposts and Hospital da Misericórdia in Povoação. He also designed several belvederes, but of a more romantic nature. Curiously enough, the Furnas Belvedere and the entrance of the Civil Government Palace of Ponta Delgada reflect some of the features of the Neo-Renaissance style; - after the 1st National Architecture Congress in 1948, which dictated paradigm shifts in the official architecture of the Estado Novo regime, perhaps influenced by his traineeship supervisor, Carlos Ramos, «an admirable man and untiring defender of modern principles», he resumed and developed the principles of international modernism, ingraining his very own identity in his designs, visible in how he treats light and in the plasticity he brings to his work, often with the help of other artists. This phase lasts until the late 60s and is depicted in the Trade and Industrial School in Ponta Delgada and S. José Church, in Ribeira Chã, Lagoa. As regards town planning, he also left his mark as a follower of the modernist language. As the result of this analysis, we can claim that Read Teixeira, the successor of the forerunner of modernism, Manuel António de Vasconcelos, is, alongside João Correia Rebelo, the most true to modernist principles, and is part of the second generation of modernist architects in the Azores.
ABSTRACT: Eduardo Read Henriques Teixeira (Ponta Delgada, 1914 – Lisbon, 1992) majored in Architecture at the Lisbon School of Fine Arts between 1934 and 1940 and was the first Azorean to have received a Diploma in Architecture in 1948. He came from a local noble family of English origin – the Read family, spent his childhood at the Magnólia house in São Miguel, and enjoyed the best of what the island had to offer. Throughout his career, in addition to the various offices held at the ministries of Public Works, Economy, and Health and Welfare, he taught Architecture and was a member of the Committee for the Construction of Medical Units, where he coordinated and designed hospitals across the country, gave speeches at conferences and organised the 1st World Hospital Exhibition. As an independent architect, he designed many projects for Mainland Portugal and for the Azores islands. In the latter case, his work divided into three phases: - in the early 40s, quite surprisingly, he designed the projects for the Children’s Home for Girls in Ponta Delgada and the Deodato Soares house, both reflecting the purism, rationalism and functionalism typical of Le Corbusier and Bauhaus; - in the mid-40s, in the midst of Estado Novo (fascist regime in Portugal), his work has the earmarks of the historicism and traditionalism of the nationalist style, especially in the Children’s Home-Agricultural School of Ponta Delgada, the Farming Outposts and Hospital da Misericórdia in Povoação. He also designed several belvederes, but of a more romantic nature. Curiously enough, the Furnas Belvedere and the entrance of the Civil Government Palace of Ponta Delgada reflect some of the features of the Neo-Renaissance style; - after the 1st National Architecture Congress in 1948, which dictated paradigm shifts in the official architecture of the Estado Novo regime, perhaps influenced by his traineeship supervisor, Carlos Ramos, «an admirable man and untiring defender of modern principles», he resumed and developed the principles of international modernism, ingraining his very own identity in his designs, visible in how he treats light and in the plasticity he brings to his work, often with the help of other artists. This phase lasts until the late 60s and is depicted in the Trade and Industrial School in Ponta Delgada and S. José Church, in Ribeira Chã, Lagoa. As regards town planning, he also left his mark as a follower of the modernist language. As the result of this analysis, we can claim that Read Teixeira, the successor of the forerunner of modernism, Manuel António de Vasconcelos, is, alongside João Correia Rebelo, the most true to modernist principles, and is part of the second generation of modernist architects in the Azores.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado, Património, Museologia e Desenvolvimento, 16 maio de 2019, Universidade dos Açores.
Keywords
Eduardo Read Henriques Teixeira (1914-1992) Arquitectura Moderna Estado Novo Património Arquitectónico Património Edificado (1940-1970) Açores Modern Architecture Azores
Citation
Costa, Nuno Duarte. "Eduardo Read Teixeira (1914-1992): um arquiteto Moderno nos Açores". 2019. 2 vols.. (Dissertação de Mestrado em Património, Museologia e Desenvolvimento). Ponta Delgada: Universidade dos Açores, 2018. [Consult. Dia Mês Ano]. Disponível em www:<http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/5221>.