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- Microsatellites reveal high levels of genetic admixture in the natural populations of Laurus azorica, LauraceaePublication . Rego, Rúben; Vieira, Ângela F.; Silva, Luís; Elias, Rui B.; Silva, Carlos; Resendes, Roberto; Moura, MónicaLaurus (Lauraceae) species are currently restricted to isolated refugia in the southern Black Sea, Mediterranean Basin, southern Morocco, and Macaronesian archipelagos. One to three species of Laurus has been recognized: the Azorean endemic Laurus azorica, L. nobilis from the Mediterranean, and L. novocanariensis from Madeira and the Canary Islands. This study aims to determine the population structure, genetic diversity, and associated patterns of gene flow within and between Azorean populations, using eight existing SSR markers. We also included plant material from L. nobilis populations found in the Azores, for comparison. Amplification was performed in 212 samples of L. azorica and in 30 samples of L. nobilis. For L. azorica, 78 alleles were amplified (average 9.75 alleles per loci). Bayesian analysis with STRUCTURE unveiled five genetic groups for the Azorean accessions, with high level of genetic admixture. Genetic diversity was generally high, with moderate levels of genetic differentiation among L. azorica populations. Moreover, high gene flow levels, likely mediated by past human translocations and naturally, by birds, might have contributed to the high level of genetic admixture observed possibly reflecting hybridization events between L. nobilis and L. azorica. Conservation measures should be applied to some populations of São Miguel, Santa Maria, and Flores Islands, based on the number of private alleles, and further, ad hoc translocation events should be avoided. Conservation in situ and the preservation of laurel forest remains are recommended. The study of this species’ taxonomy, genetics, and population dynamics in the Macaronesian region should be continued.
- A prevenção como método de conservação: O caso da Youngia japónica (crepe-do-japão) na ilha de São MiguelPublication . Roxo, Guilherme; Torres, Paulo; Afonso, Pedro; Rego, Rúben; Resendes, Roberto; Moura, MónicaUma espécie quando vive fora da sua área de distribuição nativa é denominada de espécie exótica (do grego exotikós, “de fora”). Algumas destas espécies coexistem com as espécies nativas de forma equilibrada, no entanto quando causam impactes ambientais e económicos negativos estas são designadas de espécies invasoras. No arquipélago dos Açores mais de 60% da flora vascular corresponde a espécies exóticas. Estas plantas foram introduzidas de forma consciente ou inconsciente, propagando-se e desenvolvendo-se espontaneamente, podendo impactar o nosso dia a dia quando afetam os serviços dos ecossistemas, com consequências negativas no fornecimento de água, regulação do clima, saúde pública, valor estético e cultural das paisagens, entre outras.
- Building a Portuguese Coalition for Biodiversity GenomicsPublication . Marques, João Pedro; ALVES, Paulo C; Rosário, Isabel Amorim do; Lopes, Ricardo J.; Moura, Mónica; Meyers, Gene; Sim-Sim, Manuela; Sousa-Santos, C.; Alves, M. Judite; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Brown, Thomas; Carneiro, Miguel; Carrapato, Carlos; Ceríaco, Luis; Ciofi Degli Atti, Claudio; Silva, Luís; Diedericks, Genevieve; Diroma, Maria Angela; Farelo, Liliana; Formenti, Giulio; Gil, Fátima; Grilo, Miguel; Ianucci, Alessio; Leitão, Henrique; Máguas, C.; Mc Cartney, Ann M.; Mendes, Sofia; Moreno, João; Morselli, Marco; Mouton, Alice; Natali, Chiara; Pereira, Fernando; Rego, Rúben; Resendes, Roberto; Roxo, Guilherme; Svardal, Hannes; Trindade, Helena; Vicente, Sara; Winkler, Sylke; Alvarenga, M.; Amaral, Andreia; Antunes, Agostinho; Campos, Paula; Canario, A. V. M.; Castilho, Rita; Castro, Luis Filipe; Crottini, Angelica; Cunha, Mónica; Espregueira Themudo, Gonçalo; Esteves, Pedro; Faria, Rui; Fernandes, Carlos; Ledoux, Jean-Baptiste; Louro, Bruno; Magalhães, Sara; OS, Paulo; Pearson, Gareth; Pimenta, João; Pina-Martins; Santos, Teresa; Serrao, Ester A; Melo-Ferreira, José; Sousa, VítorThe diverse physiography of the Portuguese land and marine territory, spanning from continental Europe to the Atlantic archipelagos, has made it an important repository of biodiversity throughout the Pleistocene glacial cycles, leading to a remarkable diversity of species and ecosystems. This rich biodiversity is under threat from anthropogenic drivers, such as climate change, invasive species, land use changes, overexploitation or pathogen (re)emergence. The inventory, characterization and study of biodiversity at inter- and intra-specific levels using genomics is crucial to promote its preservation and recovery by informing biodiversity conservation policies, management measures and research. The participation of researchers from Portuguese institutions in the European Reference Genome Atlas (ERGA) initiative, and its pilot effort to generate reference genomes for European biodiversity, has reinforced the establishment of Biogenome Portugal. This nascent institutional network will connect the national community of researchers in genomics. Here, we describe the Portuguese contribution to ERGA’s pilot effort, which will generate high-quality reference genomes of six species from Portugal that are endemic, iconic and/or endangered, and include plants, insects and vertebrates (fish, birds and mammals) from mainland Portugal or the Azores islands. In addition, we outline the objectives of Biogenome Portugal, which aims to (i) promote scientific collaboration, (ii) contribute to advanced training, (iii) stimulate the participation of institutions and researchers based in Portugal in international biodiversity genomics initiatives, and (iv) contribute to the transfer of knowledge to stakeholders and engaging the public to preserve biodiversity. This initiative will strengthen biodiversity genomics research in Portugal and fuel the genomic inventory of Portuguese eukaryotic species. Such efforts will be critical to the conservation of the country’s rich biodiversity and will contribute to ERGA’s goal of generating reference genomes for European species.