GBA - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais / Articles in International Journals
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Percorrer GBA - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais / Articles in International Journals por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "14:Proteger a Vida Marinha"
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- Does fishery management for groupers (Teleostei: Epinephelidae) protect them effectively? Context from the IUCN's Red list of threatened speciesPublication . Fennessy, Sean; Linardich, Christi; Rhodes, Kevin; Barreiros, João Pedro; Pollard, David; Sosa-Cordero, Eloy; Coleman, Felicia; Aguilar-Perera, Alfonso; Malinowski, Christopher; Brulé, Thierry; Afonso, Pedro; Ma, Kayan; Liu, Min; Menon, Muktha; Wen, Colin; Shea, Stanley; Porter, Sean; Craig, Matthew; Mitcheson, YvonneABSTRACT: Worldwide, groupers (Epinephelidae) are commercially valued fishes, which also play key ecological roles on tropical and subtropical reefs. In 2007 and 2016, the IUCN's Groupers and Wrasses Specialist Group assessed all 160+ grouper species, with 17 of these being identified as threatened in 2016 and the major threat factor being overexploitation. Our present study aimed to identify whether management measures (MMs) for previously assessed groupers were established, whether these measures aligned with IUCN's Red List categories, and whether they effectively protect grouper populations. Experts in grouper biology and management assigned scores per grouper species based on the extent to which MMs were in place and effective throughout these species' geographic ranges. Simple 4-level scores (0–3) were used to indicate the extent to which a MM was in place and how effective it was considered to be over the global distribution of each species. Of the 50 species scored, which included almost all threatened species, 97 % showed no/extremely limited/limited use of MMs, while only 3 % showed widespread/extensive use of MMs. Only 2 % of species showed highly/very effective scores for management, while 98 % showed limited/extremely limited/ineffective scores or no MMs in place. The MMs and their effectiveness were not commensurate with IUCN extinction risk levels. Overall, fishery management implemented for groupers by governments needs to be substantially improved, basic biological studies on many species are urgently required, fishing effort needs to be reduced, and regular biological and fishery monitoring conducted to evaluate the need for, and outcomes of, management. Although not all grouper species form spawning aggregations, recommendations are given to increase the protection of aggregating grouper species, in combination with well-placed Marine Protected Areas.
- Exploring Isochrysis galbana Biomass Formats: Effects on Live Prey Oxidative Status and Lipid Profiles for Their Potential Use in Aquaculture Larval NutritionPublication . Galindo, Ana; Pérez, José; Mora, Annia; Reis, Diana; Almansa, Eduardo; Jiménez, Ignacio; Barreto, Maria Carmo; Venuleo, Marianna; Acosta, Nieves; Rodríguez, Covadonga; Wei, Lee SeongABSTRACT: Feeding marine larvae commonly relies on live prey, which must be enriched with lipid emulsions and/or microalgae rich in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) before being added to larval tanks. This enrichment enhances the nutritional value of live feed and supports larval health and growth. Microalgae are also used in aquaculture as a primary feed source for larvae and for maintaining water quality. However, in-house microalgal cultures are costly, prone to contamination, and require complex harvesting. Sourcing live microalgae from external specialized facilities is also expensive and complicated, as it involves transporting highly diluted biomass, creating a major bottleneck in hatcheries. Consequently, alternative formats of microalgal biomass, including fresh or dried forms, are gaining attention for their ease of use, nutritional stability, and antioxidant potential. To evaluate some of these concentrated biomass substitutes, different formats of Isochrysis galbana (spray-dried [ISD], fresh [IFRE], and frozen [IFRO]) were tested on the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and Artemia. Prior to the assay, the total antioxidant capacity and lipid composition of the microalgal products were evaluated. Subsequently, live prey were fed the different I. galbana formats for 24 h, after which prey survival, lipid composition, and oxidative status were assessed. Our results showed that fresh/frozen I. galbana exhibited the highest in vitro antioxidant activity, particularly in the ethyl acetate fraction. However, rotifer survival was compromised when using the IFRE format. The spray-dried microalgae was the best format to enhance phospholipid retention in both zooplankton species, also increasing DHA/EPA (22:6n–3/20:5n–3) ratio and n–3 LC-PUFA content in rotifers. ISD also reduced lipid peroxidation in Artemia without negatively affecting the live prey culture. In conclusion, based on lipid composition and antioxidant potential, ISD was the most effective format for feeding rotifers and Artemia.
- First confirmed record of Common Murre Uria aalge for the Mid-Atlantic AzoresPublication . Barcelos, Luís; Coelho, Ruben; Barreiros, João PedroABSTRACT: On 06 December 2024, a Common Murre Uria aalge was photographed in Praia da Vitória fishing harbour, Terceira, Azores. This constitutes the first record for the archipelago, far from the species’ usual nearshore range. The bird remained for several days; plumage features confirmed subspecies U. a. aalge. Alcidae are vagrants in the Azores, with the Little Auk Alle alle and Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica most often reported. This observation refines knowledge of seabird distribution and vagrancy in this mid-Atlantic oceanic archipelago.
- Ineffective marine protected areas in AzoresPublication . Barreiros, João Pedro; Aguilar-Perera, Alfonso; Barcelos, Luís; Anderson, Antônio; Beheregaray, Anderson; Díaz-Ferguson, EdgardoABSTRACT: On 13 November 2025, Science published the Research Article “Integrative phylogenomics positions sponges at the root of the animal tree” by Jacob L. Steenwyk and Nicole King (1). The authors alerted us that errors in the analysis pipeline had affected the results to an extent that they are no longer reliable. Two aspects of the data analysis introduced artifacts. First, an imbalance between the number of sponges and ctenophores in the dataset biased one of the scoring metrics, thereby influencing the outcomes. Second, part of the analysis involved collapsing internal nodes, which was not properly accommodated by the software used. The authors thank Casey W. Dunn and colleagues for bringing this to their attention, as detailed in an eLetter and in Steenwyk and King’s eLetter Response, both available at https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science. adw9456#elettersSection. Given these issues, both authors have requested a Retraction. Science is therefore retracting the Research Article.
- Informing implementation of Nature-based Solutions in marine and coastal environments: the MaCoBioS Blue NBS ToolboxPublication . Casal, Gema; Fonseca, Catarina; Allegri, Elena; Bianconi, Angelica; Boyd, Emily; CORNET, Cindy; Juan, Silvia; Córdova, Fabiola; Furlan, Elisa; Freire Gil, Artur José; Krausen, Torsten; Maréchal, Jena-Philippe; McCarthy, Tim; Özkiper, Ozan; Pérez, Géraldine; Pham, Hung; Roberts, Callum; Simide, Rémy; Simeoni, Christian; Taylor, Daisy; Tiengo, Rafaela; Trégarot, Ewan; Uchôa, Jéssica; O'Leary, Bethan C; Geneletti, DavideABSTRACT: Interconnected societal challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss and food security demand immediate and coordinated action across local to global scales, guided by coherent policies and management mechanisms. Reflecting on the critical need to address societal challenges, Nature-based Solutions in marine and coastal environments, known as blue NBS, have emerged as an important part of the response strategy. Blue NBS integrate actions to protect and restore marine and coastal ecosystems while managing human impacts, embedding nature and people into decision-making through multifaceted approaches. However, blue NBS implementation trails terrestrial NBS. To effectively inform blue NBS implementation, research must produce actionable science that is relevant, timely and usable, requiring collaboration and active knowledge exchange across the science-policy-practitioner interface. Working with stakeholders, we developed the MaCoBioS Blue NBS Toolbox to begin addressing some of the barriers facing blue NBS implementation. Containing a collection of multi-disciplinary, scientifically-grounded and stakeholder-informed tools and products, the toolbox guides practitioners through different stages of blue NBS implementation. This toolbox provides an important initial set of resources to support the design and implementation of effective blue NBS and pave the way for further collaborative work to operationalise these tools in different social-ecological contexts.
- The Role of Functional Traits in Structuring Fish Assemblages Across the Four Macaronesia ArchipelagosPublication . Barcelos, Luís; Anderson, Antônio; Freitas, Rui; Barreiros, João PedroABSTRACT: Aim: To investigate how functional traits shape the composition and functional structure of coastal fish assemblages across the four North-East Atlantic archipelagos, providing insights into the ecological drivers of species distributions and trait patterns in oceanic island systems. Location: Four North-East Atlantic oceanic archipelagos within Macaronesia: the Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands and Cabo Verde. Taxon: Coastal marine fishes occurring up to 200 m depth, comprising 682 species. Methods: We compiled a validated checklist of coastal fish species (≤ 200 m depth) for each archipelago and integrated these data with a functional trait matrix comprising size category, trophic category, habitat affinity, milieu and climatic affinity. Generalised Linear Models (GLMs) were used to assess the influence of traits on species occurrences. Functional community structure was quantified using six functional diversity indices: functional richness (FRic), evenness (FEve), divergence (FDiv), dispersion (FDis), Rao's quadratic entropy (RaoQ) and FRic intersection (FRic Inter). Model performance was evaluated using AIC, BIC, pseudo R² and post hoc comparisons. Trait-based GLMs were complemented with assemblage-level RLQ ordination and fourth-corner tests to evaluate trait–environment coupling while accounting for species co-occurrence. Results: Species richness followed a clear latitudinal gradient, peaking in the Canary Islands and declining towards higher latitudes. RLQ revealed strong global trait–environment co-structure (Axis 1 = 91.7% of projected inertia), whereas Fourth-Corner tests detected no individually significant trait–environment associations after Holm correction. RV tests indicated a significant link between trait structure and species composition (Q–L), but not between environmental context and species composition (R–L). Among traits, body size and habitat affinity were the strongest predictors of species occurrences, with larger-bodied and reef-associated species more frequent in the southern archipelagos. Functional richness was highest in the Azores, indicating functional distinctiveness despite comparatively low species richness. Incorporating functional diversity indices into GLMs did not improve explanatory power beyond species-level traits. Main Conclusions: Body size and habitat affinity are key determinants of coastal fish assemblages across the Macaronesia archipelagos. Functional diversity peaks in the Azores, while Madeira exhibits intermediate trait compositions between temperate and tropical systems. These patterns provide insight into community assembly mechanisms and may inform predictions of species turnover under future climate change scenarios.