Browsing by Author "Pereira, Fernando E. A. P."
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- Caves and pits from the Azores. II - An annotated ChecklistPublication . Borges, Paulo A. V.; Pereira, Fernando E. A. P.; Silva, A.Em 1989 Ogawa publicou um estudo com a listagem e distribuição das grutas e algures dos Açores. O incremento que se deu nos últimos anos na descoberta e estudo de novos tubos de lava e algares nos Açores justifica que se faça agora uma actualização dessa listagem. Ogawa listou 33 grutas e 7 algares sendo estes números agora de 101 e 27, respectivamente. A estas juntam-se ainda seis (6) grutas de erosão marinha e dezasseis (16) outras cavidades subterrâneas. Neste trabalho faz-se uma listagem dos tubos de lava, algures vulcânicos, grutas de erosão marinha e outras cavidades de acordo com a sua distribuição pelas nove ilhas do arquipélago: Corvo (1;-;-;-), Flores (-;-;-;-;), Faial (3;1; -;-;), Pico (28;8; -;-), Graciosa (18;2;-;-), São Jorge (7;5;-;-), Terceira (29;8;4;9), São Miguel (15;3;-;6) e Santa Maria ( -;-;2;1). São fornecidas informações sobre a localização, espeleometria, altitude e ocorrência de fauna para cada gruta e algar. Apresentam-se igualmente uma cuna narrativa da espeleologia Açoreana e alguns comentários sobre a preservação das grutas dos Açores.
- Contributo para o estudo das Furnas e Algares da Ilha de Santa Maria, Açores.Publication . Borges, Paulo A. V.; Silva, Manuel A.; Pereira, Fernando E. A. P.Em continuação do trabalho de inventariação das furnas e algares que constituem o património espeleológico do Arquipélago dos Açores, os MONTANHEIROS participaram na Expedição Científica SANTA MARIA e FORMIGAS 1990 da responsabilidade do Departamento de Biologia da Universidade dos Açores, para explorarem as furnas da llha de Santa Maria, com os objectivos seguintes: 1) prospecção e exploração das cavidades, vulcânicas ou não, da Ilha de Santa Maria; 2) levantamento espeleométrico dos acidentes espeleológicos mais importantes; 3) localização das aberturas na carta geológica: 4) reconhecimento geológico e biológico, com recolha de amostras para posteriores estudos.
- Exploração espeleológica e bioespeleológica das Ilhas Flores e Corvo.Publication . Silva, Manuel A.; Pereira, Luís A. N.; Pereira, Fernando E. A. P.ILHA DAS FLORES - Ilha do extremo ocidental do arquipélago dos Açores. Com o comprimento máximo de cerca de 40 Km e 15 Km de largura (de Santa Cruz à Ponta do Baixio). Superfície: 142,85 Km2. É muito montanhosa, sobretudo na sua parte central, onde atinge as maiores altitudes: 913m Morro Alto e 848m na Lomba da Vaca. Na ilha existem numerosos vestígios de actividade vulcânica (crateras de extintos vulcões, transformadas em lagoas ou caldeiras, de que as principais são Caldeira Comprida, Caldeira da Água Branca, Caldeira Negra, Caldeira Funda, etc.). A costa demasiado alcantilada com numerosas furnas de erosão marinha sendo de destacar a dos Enxaréus, próximo de Santa Cruz, e além de numerosos portos naturais: Santa Cruz, Lajes, Fajã Grande e S. Pedro.
- Indicators of conservation value of Azorean caves based on its arthropod faunaPublication . Borges, Paulo A. V.; Pereira, Fernando E. A. P.; Constância, João P.All Azorean lava-tubes and volcanic pits with fauna were evaluated for species diversity and rarity based on arthropods. To produce an unbiased multiple-criteria index (importance value for conservation, IV-C) incorporating arthropod species diversity based indices and indices qualifying geological and management features (e.g. diversity of geological structures, threats, accessibility, etc.), an iterative partial multiple regression analysis was performed. In addition, the complementarity method (using heuristic methods) was used for priority-cave analyses. Most hypogean endemic species have restricted distributions, occurring only in one cave. It was concluded that several well-managed protected caves per island are absolutely necessary to have a good fraction of the endemic arthropods preserved. For presence/absence data, suboptimal solutions indicate that at least 50% lava-tubes with known hypogean fauna are needed if we want that 100% of endemic arthropod species are represented in a minimum set of reserves. Based both on the uniqueness of species composition and/or high species richness and geological value of the caves, conservation efforts should be focused on the following caves: Gruta da Beira, Algar das Bocas do Fogo (S. Jorge); Montanheiros, Henrique Maciel, Soldão, Furna das Cabras II and Ribeira do Fundo (Pico); Algar do Carvão, Balcões, Agulhas and Chocolate (Terceira); Água de Pau (S. Miguel); Anelares and Parque do Capelo (Faial).
- Indicators of Conservation Value of Azorean Caves Based on its Bryophyte Flora at Cave EntrancesPublication . Gabriel, Rosalina; Pereira, Fernando E. A. P.; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Constância, João P.Cave entrances in the Azores are particularly humid habitats. These provide opportunities for the colonization of a diverse assemblage of bryophyte species. Using both published data and new field sampling, we evaluated species diversity and rarity of bryophytes at the entrance of all known Azorean lava tubes and volcanic pits with such flora. Frequent species include the liverworts: Calypogeia arguta, Jubula hutchinsiae or Lejeunea lamacerina, and the mosses: Epipterygium tozeri, Eurhynchium praelongum, Fissidens serrulatus, Isopterygium elegans, Lepidopilum virens and Tetrastichium fontanum. Several rare Azorean bryophyte species appear at some cave entrances (e.g. Archidium alternifolium; Asterella africana; Plagiochila longispina), which reinforces the importance of this habitat for the regional conservation of these plants. To produce an unbiased multiple-criteria index (Importance Value for Conservation, IV-C), several indices based on bryophyte diversity and rarity, and also geological and management features, were calculated for each cave, and an iterative partial multiple regression analyses was performed. Data sows that three pit caves are particularly diverse in bryophytes (Algar do Carvão, Terceira Island, Bocas do Fogo, S. Jorge and Furna do Enxofre, Graciosa). Lava tubes with a diverse troglobitic fauna also are diverse in terms of bryophyte species (e.g., Algar do Carvão, Gruta dos Montanheiros, Gruta da Agostinha, Furna do Henrique Maciel). We also evaluate the utility of several cave management indices as surrogates of bryophyte diversity in Azorean volcanic cavities.
- List of arthropods (Arthropoda)Publication . Borges, Paulo A. V.; Vieira, Virgilio; Amorim, Isabel R.; Bicudo, Nuno; Fritzén, Niclas; Gaspar, Clara; Heleno, Ruben; Hortal, Joaquín; Lissner, Jorgen; Logunov, Dmitri; Machado, António; Marcelino, José; Meijer, Seline S.; Melo, Catarina; Pereira, Enésima; Moniz, João; Pereira, Fernando E. A. P.; Santos, Ana M.; Simões, Ana M.; Torrão, Elisabete
- List of arthropods (Arthropoda)Publication . Borges, Paulo A. V.; Vieira, Virgilio; Dinis, Francisco; Jarroca, Sandra; Aguiar, Carlos; Amaral, João; Aarvik, Leif; Ashmole, Philip; Ashmole, Myrtle; Amorim, Isabel R.; André, Genage; Argente, Maria C.; Arraiol, Anabela; Cabrera, Almudena; Diaz, Suraya; Enghoff, H.; Gaspar, Clara; Pereira, Enésima; Gisbert, Hugo M.; Gonçalves, Paula; Lopes, David João Horta; Melo, Catarina; Mota, José A.; Oliveira, Odelta; Oromí, Pedro; Pereira, Fernando E. A. P.; Pombo, Dalberto; Quartau, José A.; Ribeiro, Sérvio P.; Rodrigues, Ana C.; Santos, Ana M. C.; Serrano, Artur R. M.; Simões, Ana M.; Soares, António O.; Sousa, António B.; Vieira, Luís; Vitorino, Álvaro; Wunderlich, Joerg
- Monumento Natural Regional do Algar do Carvão (Ilha Terceira) : Biodiversidade e GeodiversidadePublication . Nunes, João Carlos; Barcelos, Paulo; Pereira, Fernando E. A. P.; Forjaz, Victor H.; Borges, Paulo A. V.O Algar do Carvão está situado na parte central da ilha Terceira e é a cavidade vulcânica mais conhecida do Arquipélago dos Açores (cf. Borges et al., 1992 e Costa et al., 2002). O cone vulcânico onde se desenvolve esta impressionante conduta localiza-se no interior da Caldeira de Guilherme Moniz, a cotas aproximadas de 550 metros. A partir da cidade de Angra do Heroísmo, chega-se ao Algar do Carvão percorrendo uma distância de cerca de 14,7 km, passando pela Via Rápida e Caminho do Cabrito. [da Introdução]
- Multidisciplinary approach to evaluate adequacy of protected areas in the Azores to preserve current levels of biodiversityPublication . Amorim, Isabel R.; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Pereira, Fernando E. A. P.; Wayne, Robert K.Many of the endemic species that are found on islands have very restricted distributions and naturally small population sizes, being therefore highly susceptible to extinction. Arthropods are among the animal groups most severely affected by extinction on islands, and although they represent more than half of the Azorean terrestrial endemic species, they were not used to assess conservation priorities in the Azores. In this study we used a multidisciplinary approach, including field surveys, traditional taxonomy, molecular assays, and the speciose beetle genera Tarphius and Trechus, to evaluate the adequacy of protected areas in the Azores in biodiversity preservation. The data indicate that the area protected in the Azores is insufficient to guarantee the maintenance of species richness and genetic diversity of endemic Tarphius and Trechus beetles. Because all Tarphius and Trechus populations had exclusive haplotypes, and genetic variability within species is geographically structure, we argue that they should be treated as distinct conservation units and that the maximum number of populations should be protected in order to preserve current levels of biodiversity, and thus arrest the generalized trend of insular biodiversity decline.
- Ranking protected areas in the Azores using standardised sampling of soil epigean arthropodsPublication . Borges, Paulo A. V.; Aguiar, Carlos; Amaral, João; Amorim, Isabel R.; André, Genage; Arraiol, Anabela; Baz, Arturo; Dinis, Francisco; Enghoff, H.; Gaspar, Clara; Ilharco, Fernando A.; Mahnert, Volker; Melo, Catarina; Pereira, Fernando E. A. P.; Quartau, José A.; Ribeiro, Sérvio P.; Ribes, Jordi; Serrano, Artur R. M.; Sousa, António B.; Strassen, R. Z.; Vieira, Luís; Vieira, Virgílio; Vitorino, Álvaro; Wunderlich, JoergNineteen areas in seven of the nine Azorean islands were evaluated for species diversity and rarity based on soil epigean arthropods. Fifteen out of the 19 study areas are managed as Natural Forest Reserves and the remaining four were included due to their importance as indigenous forest cover. Four of the 19 areas are not included in the European Conservation network, NATURA 2000. Two sampling replicates were run per study area, and a total of 191 species were collected; 43 of those species (23%) are endemic to the archipelago and 12 have yet to be described. To produce an unbiased multiple-criteria index (importance value for conservation, IV-C) incorporating diversity and rarity based indices, an iterative partial multiple regression analysis was performed. In addition, an irreplaceability index and the complementarity method (using both optimisation and heuristic methods) were used for priority-reserves analyses. It was concluded that at least one well-managed reserve per island is absolutely necessary to have a good fraction of the endemic arthropods preserved. We found that for presence/absence data the suboptimal complementarity algorithm provides solutions as good as the optimal algorithm. For abundance data, optimal solutions indicate that most reserves are needed if we want that at least 50% of endemic arthropod populations are represented in a minimum set of reserves. Consistently, two of the four areas not included in the NATURA 2000 framework were considered of high priority, indicating that vascular plants and bird species used to determine NATURA 2000 sites are not good surrogates of arthropod diversity in the Azores. The most irreplaceable reserves are those located in older islands, which indicates that geological history plays an important role in explaining faunal diversity of arthropods in the Azores. Based both on the uniqueness of species composition and high species richness, conservation efforts should be focused on the unmanaged Pico Alto region in the archipelago’s oldest island, Santa Maria.