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Seasonal fluctuations of aphids as vectors of potato viruses in several habitats on São Miguel Island, Azores
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Abstract(s)
As flutuações sazonais dos níveis populacionais e a actividade de voo das espécies de afídios Aulacorthum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae e Myzus persicae, vectoras de vírus da batateira, foram estudadas em diferentes biótopos da Ilha de São Miguel. M. euphorbiae foi a espécie mais abundante principalmente durante o voo de Verão. Os dois outros vectores manifestaram a sua presença apenas durante uma parte do ciclo vegetativo da batateira. A. solani efectuou voos iniciais de Primavera nos campos de Maris Piper e Pentland Dell, a 550 e 300 m de altitude respectivamente, ou de Verão nos campos de Maris Piper a 430 m de altitude, de Pentland Dell a 520 m de altitude e nos de Désirée a 420 e 550 m de altitude. O eficiente vector M. persicae foi pouco abundante ou esteve totalmente ausente em certos biótopos. A temperatura revelou-se um factor determinante da actividade de voo de M. euphorbiae em alguns biótopos. Durante a fase ascendente do voo de dispersão, o logaritmo do número de alados (+ 1) desta espécie aumentou linearmente com a soma das temperaturas medias ou mínimas, calculadas a partir do início de funcionamento das armadilhas. As barreiras vegetais contribuíram para a protecção dos biótopos contra as invasões dos afídios enquanto que a variação de altitude (300-520 m) não modificou significativamente os números de alados capturados.
ABSTRACT: Seasonal changes in population levels and flight activity of the aphid species Aulacorthum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae e Myzus persicae associated with the transmission of potato viruses, were studied in different habitats on São Miguel Island. M. euphorbiae was the most numerous vector particularly during the summer flight. The two other vectors were only present during part of the growth period of the potato crop. A. solani was especially responsible for initiating attacks in the field of Maris Piper at an altitude of 550 m and in the field of Pentland Dell at 300 m. It also dispersed later into fields of Maris Piper at 430 m, Pentland Dell at 520 m and fields of Désirée at both 420 and 550 m. The most effective vector in virus transmission, M. persicae, was less numerous in, and even absent from some habitats. Temperature was a key abiotic factor regulation flight activity of M. euphorbiae in certain habitats. The logarithm of the aphid catches (+ 1) during the main dispersal flight was linearly related to the sum of the mean or minimum temperatures dated from the start of trapping. Although forest barriers helped to protect fields against aphid attacks, variation in altitude from 300 to 520 m was ineffective in reducing alate aphid numbers.
ABSTRACT: Seasonal changes in population levels and flight activity of the aphid species Aulacorthum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae e Myzus persicae associated with the transmission of potato viruses, were studied in different habitats on São Miguel Island. M. euphorbiae was the most numerous vector particularly during the summer flight. The two other vectors were only present during part of the growth period of the potato crop. A. solani was especially responsible for initiating attacks in the field of Maris Piper at an altitude of 550 m and in the field of Pentland Dell at 300 m. It also dispersed later into fields of Maris Piper at 430 m, Pentland Dell at 520 m and fields of Désirée at both 420 and 550 m. The most effective vector in virus transmission, M. persicae, was less numerous in, and even absent from some habitats. Temperature was a key abiotic factor regulation flight activity of M. euphorbiae in certain habitats. The logarithm of the aphid catches (+ 1) during the main dispersal flight was linearly related to the sum of the mean or minimum temperatures dated from the start of trapping. Although forest barriers helped to protect fields against aphid attacks, variation in altitude from 300 to 520 m was ineffective in reducing alate aphid numbers.
Description
Keywords
Aulacorthum solani Macrosiphum euphorbiae Myzus persicae Afídio Ilha de São Miguel (Açores) Aphid Species São Miguel Island (Azores)
Citation
CRUZ DE BOELPAEPE, M. O. & Rita TEIXEIRA (1990). Seasonal fluctuations of aphids as vectors of potato viruses in several habitats on São Miguel Island, Azores. "Arquipélago. Boletim da Universidade dos Açores: Ciências da Natureza", 8: 19-34.