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Subterranean environments contribute to three-quarters of classified ecosystem services

2026-02-10Artigo de revisão Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas
datacite.subject.sdg15:Proteger a Vida Terrestre
dc.contributor.authorMammola, Stefano
dc.contributor.authorBrankovits, David
dc.contributor.authorDi Lorenzo, Tiziana
dc.contributor.authorAmorim do Rosário, Isabel
dc.contributor.authorBancila, Racula
dc.contributor.authorBellvert, Adrià
dc.contributor.authorBernard, Enrico
dc.contributor.authorBlomberg, Anna
dc.contributor.authorBorges, P.A.V.
dc.contributor.authorCappelletti, Martina
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, Rodrigo
dc.contributor.authorGabriel, Rosalina
dc.contributor.authorGalassi, Diana M.P.
dc.contributor.authorGarzoli, Laura
dc.contributor.authorGerovasileiou, Vasilis
dc.contributor.authorHose, Grant
dc.contributor.authorKorbel, Kathryn
dc.contributor.authorMartino, Simone
dc.contributor.authorMiller, Ana
dc.contributor.authorMori, Nataša
dc.contributor.authorNanni, Veronica
dc.contributor.authorNicolosi, Giuseppe
dc.contributor.authorSaccò, Mattia
dc.contributor.authorSakihara, Troy
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Marconi
dc.contributor.authorTamalavage, Anne
dc.contributor.authorZagmajster, Maja
dc.contributor.authorChávez, Efraín
dc.contributor.authorGriebler, Christian
dc.contributor.authorCardoso, Pedro
dc.contributor.authorSerrano Martínez, Alejandro
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-19T14:12:31Z
dc.date.available2026-02-19T14:12:31Z
dc.date.issued2026-02-10
dc.description.abstractABSTRACT: Beneath the Earth's surface lies a network of interconnected caves, voids, and systems of fissures forming in rocks of sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic origin. Although largely inaccessible to humans, this hidden realm supports and regulates services critical to ecological health and human well-being. Subterranean ecosystems are integral to major biogeochemical cycles, sustain diverse surface habitats, and serve as the primary source of irrigation and drinking water. They also offer non-material benefits, including scientific discovery, education, and cultural practices. Yet, these contributions often go unrecognised, partly due to the lack of a unified synthesis of ecosystem services across terrestrial, freshwater, and marine subterranean compartments. This gap limits effective communication of their value to scientists, practitioners, and the public. Through a systematic expert-based review, we show that subterranean ecosystems contribute to up to 75% of classified ecosystem services. Notably, many of these contributions are described only qualitatively, lacking numerical or economic quantification. Next, we list examples of the main ecosystem services provided by subterranean systems to offer a global overview of their multifaceted value and vulnerability to environmental change. We believe this synthesis provides researchers and practitioners with concrete examples to communicate more effectively the importance of subterranean ecosystems to diverse audiences.eng
dc.identifier.citationMammola, S., Brankovits, D., Di Lorenzo, T., Amorim, I. R., Bancila, R. I., Bellvert, A., Bernard, E., Blomberg, A., Borges, P. A. V., Cappelletti, M., Ferreira, R. L., Gabriel, R., Galassi, D. M. P., Garzoli, L., Gerovasileiou, V., Hose, G. C., Korbel, K. L., Martino, S., Miller, A. Z., Mori, N., Nanni, V., Nicolosi, G., Saccò, M., Sakihara, T. S., Souza Silva, M., Tamalavage, A. E., Zagmajster, M., Chávez, E., Griebler, C., Cardoso, P., & Martínez, A. (2026). Subterranean environments contribute to three-quarters of classified ecosystem services. Biological Reviews, 101, brv.70137
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/brv.70137
dc.identifier.eissn1469-185X
dc.identifier.issn1464-7931
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/8878
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relationBiodiversa+ (projects ‘DarCo’ and ‘SponBIODIV’)
dc.relationEuropean Biodiversity Partnership under the 2021–2022 BiodivProtect
dc.relationEuropean Commission (GA No. 101052342)
dc.relationMinistry of Universities and Research (Italy)
dc.relationAgencia Estatal de Investigación – Fundación Biodiversidad (Spain)
dc.relationFundo Regional para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Azores, Portugal)
dc.relationSuomen Akatemia – Ministry of the Environment (Finland)
dc.relationBelgian Science Policy Office (Belgium)
dc.relationAgence Nationale de la Recherche (France)
dc.relationDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft e.V. (Germany)
dc.relationSchweizerischer Nationalfonds (Grant No. 31BD30_209583, Switzerland)
dc.relationFonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Austria)
dc.relationMinistry of Higher Education, Science and Innovation (Slovenia)
dc.relationExecutive Agency for Higher Education, Research, Development and Innovation Funding (Romania)
dc.relationGeneral Secretariat for Research and Innovation (GSRI) under the Hellenic Ministry of Development (ΓΓΒΙΟ-0559429)
dc.relationP. R. I. N. 2022 projects ‘DEEPCHANGE’ (2022MJSYF8) and ‘ANCHIALOS’ (2022LLNF3N) - Ministry of Universities and Research (Italy)
dc.relation‘FRAGGLE’ (PID2021-124640NB-I00) - MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033
dc.relation‘ERDF A way of making Europe’. S. Mam. and T. D. L. - Ministry of University and Research (Italy)
dc.relationP. N. R. R., Missione 4 Componente 2, ‘Dalla ricerca all'impresa’, Investimento 1.4, Project CN00000033. P. C. is funded by cE3c (https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/00329/2020) and CHANGE (https://doi.org/10.54499/la/p/0121/2020)
dc.relationProject HJI-D5-1 ‘Bringing in participatory approaches to widen the scope of natural capital valuation’, RESAS SRP 2022-2027, Scottish Government. N. M. was funded by the Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency (P1-0255)
dc.relationSlovenian Rsearch and Innovation Agency under P-0255 Research program. I. R. A. was funded by Portuguese national funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I. P., under the Norma Transitória – https://doi.org/10.54499/DL57/2016/CP1375/CT0003
dc.relationThe MICROCENO project (https://doi.org/10.54499/PTDC/CTA-AMB/0608/2020)
dc.relationthe Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), and the MICROLAVA project (PROYEXCEL_00185) funded by the Regional Government of Andalusia
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/brv.70137
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectgroundwater
dc.subjecthypogean
dc.subjectnature value
dc.subjectdrinking water
dc.subjectfood production
dc.subjectbiotechnology
dc.subjectgeothermal energy
dc.subjectsustainability
dc.subjectecotourism
dc.subjectcultural heritage
dc.titleSubterranean environments contribute to three-quarters of classified ecosystem serviceseng
dc.typereview article
dcterms.referenceshttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/brv.70137
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage24
oaire.citation.issuebrv.70137
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleBiological Reviews
oaire.citation.volume101
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
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