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As emoções em Matthew Lipman e Martha Nussbaum
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Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação coloca em diálogo o pensamento de Matthew Lipman e de Martha Nussbaum a propósito das emoções, realçando a noção de cosmopolitismo, presente em Nussbaum, como projeto de formação do ser humano considerado intérprete empático do outro.
No primeiro momento desta dissertação, traçamos os vários momentos relevantes na origem e fundamentação filosófica pragmatista do movimento da Filosofia para Crianças, para que no segundo momento, possamos explorar as dificuldades teóricas existentes em torno das emoções dando especial atenção ao pensamento filosófico aristotélico, estoico e contemporâneo. Estes serão, por assim dizer, dois momentos propedêuticos à consideração das emoções em Matthew Lipman e em Martha Nussbaum.
A propósito da perspetiva de Lipman acerca das emoções, achamos pertinente partir da noção de pensamento multidimensional ou complexo, para de seguida, incidir sobre o pensamento crítico, criativo e caring, terminando este capítulo com as emoções em Lipman, considerando qual a sua natureza, a sua educação, a sua relação com a moral e com as comunidades de investigação.
Em Martha Nussbaum, veremos em que termos a sua proposta acerca das emoções enquanto juízos, se diferencia do estoicismo clássico, procurando revelar em que medida muitos dos seus pressupostos são aristotélicos. Veremos ainda que relação estas emoções possuem com a moralidade humana, nomeadamente através da perspetiva desenvolvimentista que Nussbaum propõe para as emoções.
Concluiremos esta dissertação, procurando fazer a síntese da Filosofia para Crianças de Lipman e o conceito de cosmopolitismo tal como definido por Nussbaum.
ABSTRACT: The present dissertation pretends to put in dialogue Matthew Lipman’s and Martha Nussbaum’s thought about emotions, highlighting Nussbaum’s concept of cosmopolitanism, understood as an educational project based on the idea of human being as an empathic interpreter of the other. In the first part of this dissertation, we will sketch several relevant moments in the origin of Philosophy for Children movement as well as we will trace its pragmatist philosophical background, while in a second moment, we will explore several theoretical difficulties about emotions, namely exploring Aristotle, the Stoics, and some actual views on the subject. These first moments will act as propaedeutics for the reflection about emotions in Matthew Lipman and Martha Nussbaum. About Matthew Lipman’s perspective on emotion we will start by addressing his notion of multidimensional thought, and subsequently we will consider critical, creative, and caring thinking, ending this chapter with a closer view of how emotions are educated, are related with human morality and function within communities of inquiry. Regarding Martha Nussbaum, we will see how her proposal of emotions as judgements differs from classic stoicism, while trying to uncover Aristotle’s influence. We will see how these emotions will relate with morality, specially from a developmental point of view. We will try to conclude this dissertation putting together Lipman’s proposal of Philosophy for Children with Nussbaum’s cosmopolitanism concept.
ABSTRACT: The present dissertation pretends to put in dialogue Matthew Lipman’s and Martha Nussbaum’s thought about emotions, highlighting Nussbaum’s concept of cosmopolitanism, understood as an educational project based on the idea of human being as an empathic interpreter of the other. In the first part of this dissertation, we will sketch several relevant moments in the origin of Philosophy for Children movement as well as we will trace its pragmatist philosophical background, while in a second moment, we will explore several theoretical difficulties about emotions, namely exploring Aristotle, the Stoics, and some actual views on the subject. These first moments will act as propaedeutics for the reflection about emotions in Matthew Lipman and Martha Nussbaum. About Matthew Lipman’s perspective on emotion we will start by addressing his notion of multidimensional thought, and subsequently we will consider critical, creative, and caring thinking, ending this chapter with a closer view of how emotions are educated, are related with human morality and function within communities of inquiry. Regarding Martha Nussbaum, we will see how her proposal of emotions as judgements differs from classic stoicism, while trying to uncover Aristotle’s influence. We will see how these emotions will relate with morality, specially from a developmental point of view. We will try to conclude this dissertation putting together Lipman’s proposal of Philosophy for Children with Nussbaum’s cosmopolitanism concept.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado, Filosofia para Crianças, 12 de julho de 2021, Universidade dos Açores.
Keywords
Matthew Lipman Martha Nussbaum Emoção Ética Filosofia para Crianças Moral Pensamento do Cuidar Pensamento Criativo Pensamento Crítico Caring Thinking Emotions
Citation
Sousa, Júlio Miguel Araújo (2021). "As emoções em Matthew Lipman e Martha Nussbaum", 119 p.. Mestrado em Filosofia para Crianças. Ponta Delgada: Universidade dos Açores. [Consult. Dia Mês Ano]. Disponível em www:<http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/6261>