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O ensino primário nas ilhas de S. Miguel e Terceira : dos ideais às práticas educativas nas primeiras décadas do século XX
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Abstract(s)
Pretende-se com este estudo dar a conhecer a história do ensino nas ilhas de S. Miguel e Terceira e destacar a importância que tiveram as sociedades de beneficência, Associação Século XX, a Sociedade Promotora de Instrução Terceirense e a Liga Micaelense de Instrução, no combate ao analfabetismo. Estas instituições republicanas, com forte influência da maçonaria, destinavam-se a promover a alfabetização e escolarização, através da implementação de comissões de beneficência, caixas económicas escolares, cursos noturnos, bibliotecas, museus e missões escolares, pelo método de João de Deus. As instituições, com vista à frequência escolar, proviam os meios necessários às crianças pobres e desse modo, garantiam a sua presença na escola. Mas, a democratização do ensino aberto às massas, comportava uma intenção ideológica: criar uma “nova escola” gratuita, obrigatória e laica, onde fossem inculcados os novos ideais e valores republicanos. Ao formar um “homem novo”, mais ativo e participativo na sociedade, era possível alcançar o progresso e a regeneração social. Estes novos ideais, confrontados com uma sociedade tradicional católica geraram, no caso terceirense, grandes controvérsias com a igreja.
Este estudo pretende contribuir para o conhecimento da História da Educação nos Açores que regista uma produção muito reduzida, devido à informação escassa e dispersa, ao mau estado de certos fundos não catalogados e à falta de organização e tratamento documental.
ABSTRACT: This study aims to give visibility to the history of education in São Miguel and Terceira islands and to emphasize the importance of the activities developed by the beneficiary societies, the Século XX Association, the Sociedade Promotora de Instrução Terceirense (Terceira Education-Promoting Society) as well as the Liga Micaelense de Instrução (São Miguel Education League) in their long-lasting fight against illiteracy. These republican institutions (deeply freemasonry-influenced) intended to advocate the literacy and the school attendance through the creation of beneficiary commissions, school savings banks, evening classes, libraries, museums and the implementation of the João de Deus’ teaching method. Being school attendance their main goal, they would provide all possible means and resources to children so that they would not neglect education. Moreover, this democratization process through the availability of education to the masses held a certain ideological intention: to create a cost-free, compulsory and secular “new school”, where the brand new republican ideals and values could be implemented. Only by cultivating individuals and making them more active and more aware of their position in society could social progress be attained. These new ideals that promptly clashed with those of a catholic and conservative society have been the cause (especially in Terceira island) for major conflicts with the Church. This study intends to enrich the scarce current published facts and general connaissance of the History of Education in the Azores as a result of the fact that the information is neither abundant nor concentrated geographically, the poor conditions of certain publications and the lack of proper organization, care and conservation of the historical documents and data.
ABSTRACT: This study aims to give visibility to the history of education in São Miguel and Terceira islands and to emphasize the importance of the activities developed by the beneficiary societies, the Século XX Association, the Sociedade Promotora de Instrução Terceirense (Terceira Education-Promoting Society) as well as the Liga Micaelense de Instrução (São Miguel Education League) in their long-lasting fight against illiteracy. These republican institutions (deeply freemasonry-influenced) intended to advocate the literacy and the school attendance through the creation of beneficiary commissions, school savings banks, evening classes, libraries, museums and the implementation of the João de Deus’ teaching method. Being school attendance their main goal, they would provide all possible means and resources to children so that they would not neglect education. Moreover, this democratization process through the availability of education to the masses held a certain ideological intention: to create a cost-free, compulsory and secular “new school”, where the brand new republican ideals and values could be implemented. Only by cultivating individuals and making them more active and more aware of their position in society could social progress be attained. These new ideals that promptly clashed with those of a catholic and conservative society have been the cause (especially in Terceira island) for major conflicts with the Church. This study intends to enrich the scarce current published facts and general connaissance of the History of Education in the Azores as a result of the fact that the information is neither abundant nor concentrated geographically, the poor conditions of certain publications and the lack of proper organization, care and conservation of the historical documents and data.
Description
Tese de Doutoramento, História Insular e Atlântica (Séculos XV-XX), 03 de dezembro 2018, Universidade dos Açores.
Keywords
Analfabetismo Educação Escolar Ensino Primário História da Educação Imprensa Pedagógica Sociedades de Beneficência Ilha de São Miguel (Açores) Ilha Terceira (Açores)
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Medeiros, Isolina Júlia dos Reis e Reis. "O ensino primário nas ilhas de S. Miguel e Terceira: dos ideais às práticas educativas nas primeiras décadas do século XX". 2018. 540 p.. (Tese de Doutoramento em História Insular e Atlântica (Séculos XV-XX)). Ponta Delgada: Universidade dos Açores, 2017. [Consult. Dia Mês Ano]. Disponível em www:<http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/5013>.