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Global synthesis of apple pollination research highlights general pollen limitation and positive contributions of wild bees compared to honeybees

2025-08-30Artigo de revisão Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas
datacite.subject.sdg15:Proteger a Vida Terrestre
dc.contributor.authorEeraerts, Maxime
dc.contributor.authorOsterman, Julia
dc.contributor.authorBatáry, Péter
dc.contributor.authorKlein, Alexandra-Maria
dc.contributor.authorAlbrecht, Matthias
dc.contributor.authorAndersson, Georg
dc.contributor.authorBáldi, András
dc.contributor.authorBernauer, Olivia
dc.contributor.authorBlechschmidt, Leah
dc.contributor.authorBlitzer, Eleanor
dc.contributor.authorBorges, P.A.V.
dc.contributor.authorBosch, Jordi
dc.contributor.authorBurns, Katherine
dc.contributor.authorCampbell, Alistair
dc.contributor.authorCastro, Silvia
dc.contributor.authorCook, James
dc.contributor.authorDaelemans, Robin
dc.contributor.authorDanforth, Bryan
dc.contributor.authorGroot, Arjen
dc.contributor.authorDorji, Kinley
dc.contributor.authorFoldesi, Rita
dc.contributor.authorDay, Hannah
dc.contributor.authorGarcía, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorGaribaldi, Lucas
dc.contributor.authorGarrat, Michael
dc.contributor.authorGonzalez, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorGrab, Heather
dc.contributor.authorGratton, Claudio
dc.contributor.authorHalvorsen, Maren
dc.contributor.authorHamback, Peter
dc.contributor.authorHatteland, Bjørn
dc.contributor.authorHonnay, Olivier
dc.contributor.authorHulsmans, Eva
dc.contributor.authorVestheim, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorKleijin, David
dc.contributor.authorKovács-Hostyánszki, Anikó
dc.contributor.authorLechowicz, Martin
dc.contributor.authorLeclercq, Nicolas
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Yunhui
dc.contributor.authorLoureiro, João
dc.contributor.authorMallinger, Rachel
dc.contributor.authorMarshall, Leon
dc.contributor.authorMeeus, Ivan
dc.contributor.authorMiñarro, Marcos
dc.contributor.authorJodar, Diego
dc.contributor.authorPardo, Adara
dc.contributor.authorPark, Mia
dc.contributor.authorPaxton, Robert
dc.contributor.authorPérez-Méndez, Néstor
dc.contributor.authorPicante de Carvalho, Rafael
dc.contributor.authorPirttilehto, Paavo
dc.contributor.authorPisman, Matti
dc.contributor.authorPotts, Simon
dc.contributor.authorRaine, Nigel
dc.contributor.authorReilly, James
dc.contributor.authorRoquer-Beni, Laura
dc.contributor.authorSamnegård, Ulrika
dc.contributor.authorStanley, Dara
dc.contributor.authorSutter, Louis
dc.contributor.authorTeixeira-Martins, Kyle
dc.contributor.authorTierney, Simon
dc.contributor.authorVeldtman, Ruan
dc.contributor.authorVereecken, Nicolas
dc.contributor.authorWäckers, Felix
dc.contributor.authorWeekers, Timothy
dc.contributor.authorWilson, Julianna
dc.contributor.authorWu, Panlong
dc.contributor.authorVerheyen, Kris
dc.contributor.editorBaronio, Gudryan
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-26T11:02:20Z
dc.date.available2026-01-26T11:02:20Z
dc.date.issued2025-08-30
dc.description.abstractABSTRACT: Apple is one of the most important pollinator-dependent fruit crops worldwide. To secure high-quality yields, it is crucial to know which, and to what extent, pollinating insects contribute to its pollination success as measured by fruit set, fruit weight and seed set. We perform a meta-analysis of field studies conducted across multiple orchards on insect-mediated pollination in apple cultivation, using raw data from 29 studies, totalling 532 orchard replicates. We assessed the extent of pollen limitation on different pollination outcomes and assessed the contribution of honeybees, wild bees and bee species richness to apple pollination. Across all studies, we detected strong evidence of pollen limitation for fruit set and seed set, but not for fruit weight. Honeybees were the most abundant flower visitors (average relative visitation of 71.9%) compared to wild bees; but when correcting for their pollination efficiency, the relative pollination contribution of honeybees was lower compared to their relative visitation (vice versa for solitary bees). We conclude that honeybee visitation rate did not influence fruit or seed set; yet increasing honeybee visitation had a small, negative effect on fruit weight. Fruit set was not influenced by wild bee visitation rate, whereas wild bee visitation had a small, but clear positive effect on fruit weight and seed set. Bee species richness had a small, positive effect on seed set; whereas it did not affect fruit set and fruit weight. Syntheses and applications. Our study highlights that pollen limitation is common in this global crop. While managed honeybees are dominant pollinators, a diverse community of wild bees contributes significantly to apple pollination and high-quality yield. The positive effect of wild bees and species richness on fruit weight and seed set demonstrates that wild bee pollination results in better-quality fruit production (increased weight & seed set). Therefore, our synthesis highlights the importance of conserving pollinator diversity to maintain pollination services. The absence of a clear effect of honeybee visitation rate on fruit and seed set, coupled with its negative impact on fruit weight, suggests a need for further optimisation of honeybee management to improve the cost-efficiency of pollination management.eng
dc.identifier.citationEeraerts, M., Osterman, J., Batáry, P., Klein, A.-M., Albrecht, M., Andersson, G. K. S., Báldi, A., Bernauer, O. M., Blechschmidt, L., Blitzer, E. J., Borges, P. A. V., Bosch, J., Burns, K. L. W., Campbell, A. J., Castro, S., Cook, J. M., Daelemans, R., Danforth, B. N., de Groot, A. G., Dorji, K., Földesi, R., Gaines Day, H. R., García, D., Garibaldi, L. A., Garratt, M. P. D., Gonzalez, A., Grab, H., Gratton, C., Halvorsen, M. K., Hambäck, P. A., Hatteland, B. A., Honnay, O., Hulsmans, E., Kaasen Vestheim, S., Lechowicz, M. J., Leclercq, N., Liu, Y., Loureiro, J., Mallinger, R. E., Marshall, L., Meeus, I., Miñarro, M., Nabaes Jodar, D. N., Pardo, A., Park, M. G., Paxton, R. J., Pérez-Méndez, N., Pincante De Carvalho, R. A., Pirttilehto, P., Pisman, M., Potts, S. G., Raine, N. E., Reilly, J. R., Roquer-Beni, L., Samnegård, U., Stanley, D. A., Sutter, L., Teixeira-Martins, K., Tierney, S. M., Veldtman, R., Vereecken, N. J., Wäckers, F., Weekers, T., Wilson, J. K., Wu, P. & Verheyen, K. (2025). Global synthesis of apple pollination research highlights general pollen limitation and positive contributions of wild bees compared to honeybees. Journal of Applied Ecology, 62: 2487-2501
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/1365-2664.70155
dc.identifier.eissn1365-2664
dc.identifier.issn0021-8901
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/8809
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2664.70155
dc.relation.ispartofseries2501
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectApis mellifera
dc.subjectcrop production
dc.subjectfruit set
dc.subjectMalus spp.
dc.subjectmeta-analysis
dc.subjectseed set
dc.subjectsystematic review
dc.subjectwild pollinators
dc.titleGlobal synthesis of apple pollination research highlights general pollen limitation and positive contributions of wild bees compared to honeybeeseng
dc.typereview article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage2501
oaire.citation.issue9
oaire.citation.startPage2487
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Applied Ecology
oaire.citation.volume62
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_e19f295774971610
person.familyNameBorges
person.givenNamePaulo
person.identifier829215
person.identifier.ciencia-idFA1A-C9CB-9C29
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-8448-7623
person.identifier.ridB-2780-2008
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7003533390
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationd9716a90-cc3e-44d0-adc1-6933e3786278
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryd9716a90-cc3e-44d0-adc1-6933e3786278

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