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- Polydesmus ribeiraensisPublication . Nunes, Rui; Borges, Paulo A. V.JUSTIFICATION: Polydesmus ribeiraensis is endemic to São Miguel (Azores, Portugal). It has a very small Extent of Occurrence (EOO = 16 km²) and Area of Occupancy (AOO = 16 km²). There is a continuing decline in the EOO, AOO, extent and quality of habitat as well as the number of mature individuals as a result of the invasions of non-native plants and displacement by exotic millipedes. Increasing tourism in the island might also impact its habitat, being a scenic destination. The species occurs only at one location, and so it is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR). We suggest as future measures of conservation: (1) regular monitoring of the species; (2) control of invasive species namely Hedychium gardnerianum, and (3) measures to mitigate possible impacts from increasing tourism.
- Chirothrips azoricusPublication . Nunes, Rui; Borges, Paulo A. V.JUSTIFICATION: Chirothrips azoricus is endemic to São Miguel (Azores, Portugal). It has a very small Extent of Occurrence (EOO = 8 km²) and Area of Occupancy (AOO = 8 km²). There is a continuing decline in the EOO, AOO, extent and quality of habitat as well as the number of mature individuals as a result of the invasions of non-native plants; and, based on this threat, the species occurs only at one location. Therefore, the species is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR). We suggest as future conservation measures: (1) regular monitoring of the species; and (2) control of invasive species, namely Hedychium gardnerianum and Clethra arborea.
- Dolichopus simillimusPublication . Nunes, Rui; Borges, Paulo A. V.JUSTIFICATION: Dolichopus simillimus is an endemic species of the Azores (Portugal), being present, at least historically, at a single site in Pico island. From the historical data, this species would have a very small Extent of Occurrence (8 km² ) and Area of Occupancy (8 km² ), and it is possible that this species has declined in the past as a result of human activity. The present situation of this species needs to be further assessed, and further research is needed into its population, distribution, threats, ecology and life history. Conservation of native wet and boggy areas and natural streams and other water bodies could potentially aid this species conservation. Based upon the lack of data regarding this species population, distribution, threats and ecology, this species is assessed as Data Deficient (DD).
- Macarorchestia martiniPublication . Nunes, Rui; Borges, Paulo A. V.JUSTIFICATION: Macarorchestia martini is a cave-adapted species from a single island, Terceira (Azores, Portugal). It has a very small Extent of Occurrence (EOO = 4 km²) and Area of Occupancy (AOO = 4 km²). The species is rare and only known from a single subpopulation in the coastal lava tube of Gruta das Agulhas. The area surrounding the cave is heavily impacted by human activities. Further research is needed into its population, ecology and life history; and a habitat management plan is needed and one is anticipated to be developed during the coming years. We also suggest the regular monitoring of the species (every ten years), and restricting access to the cave. The species is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) based on the single location and current and future possible cave degradation.
- Meloboris insularisPublication . Nunes, Rui; Borges, Paulo A. V.JUSTIFICATION: Meloboris insularis is an endemic ichneumonid wasp species of the Azores (Portugal), having been recorded from Faial island. From the historical data, this species could have a very small Extent of Occurrence (16 km²) and Area of Occupancy (16 km²). Despite the location of its description being currently a Nature Reserve (Caldeira do Faial), it is possible that this species has declined in the past as a result of human activity. However, the present situation of this species needs to be further assessed, further research is needed into its population, distribution, threats, ecology, life history and indigenous host species. Conservation/restoration of native habitats, as well as invasive plant species control, could potentially also aid this species' conservation. Based upon the lack of recent data regarding this species population, distribution, threats, ecology and hosts, this species is assessed as Data Deficient (DD).
- Pseudoblothrus oromiiPublication . Nunes, Rui; Borges, Paulo A. V.JUSTIFICATION: Pseudoblothrus oromii is a cave-adapted species known from a single island, S. Jorge (Azores, Portugal). It has a very small Extent of Occurrence (EOO = 4 km²) and Area of Occupancy (AOO = 4 km²). The species is rare and only known from a single subpopulation in the lava tube of Gruta da Beira. The area surrounding the cave is heavily impacted by human activities. Further research is needed into its population, ecology and life history. A habitat management plan is needed and one is anticipated to be developed during the coming years. We also suggest as future measures of conservation the regular monitoring of the species (every ten years) and limiting access to the cave. The species is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR), mostly due to its small Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO) and the decline in habitat quality.
- Limnellia helmutiPublication . Nunes, Rui; Borges, Paulo A. V.JUSTIFICATION: Limnellia helmuti is an endemic species of the Azores (Portugal), being present (at least historically) on S. Miguel island. From the historical data, this species has only been recorded in a disturbed area (Furnas) and would have a very small Extent of Occurrence (8 km²) and Area of Occupancy (8 km²). It is possible that this species has declined in the past as a result of human activity. However, the present situation of this species needs to be further assessed and further research is needed into its population, distribution, threats, ecology and life history; while conservation of native wet and boggy areas and other water bodies could potentially aid this species conservation. Based upon the lack of recent in data regarding this species population, distribution, threats and ecology, this species is assessed as Data Deficient (DD).
- Dinotrema azoricumPublication . Nunes, Rui; Borges, Paulo A. V.JUSTIFICATION: Dinotrema azoricum is an endemic species of the Azores, Portugal. It is known only from the holotype, collected on São Miguel in 1938, in a (currently) highly disturbed area. From the historical data, it potentially has a very small Extent of Occurrence (16 km²) and Area of Occupancy (16 km²). This species has possibly declined in the past as a result of human activity, but the present situation of this species needs to be further assessed and further research is needed into its population, distribution, threats, ecology and life history. Conservation of native vegetation could potentially aid this species' conservation. Based upon the unknown distribution, threats and ecology, this species is assessed as Data Deficient (DD).
- Bradysia truncorumPublication . Nunes, Rui; Borges, Paulo A. V.JUSTIFICATION: Bradysia truncorum is an endemic species of the Azores (Portugal), being present, at least historically, at a site on Flores island. From the historical data, this species may have a very small Extent of Occurrence (8 km²) and Area of Occupancy (8 km²), and it is possible that this species has declined in the past as a result of human activity. However, the present situation of this species needs to be further assessed, and further research is needed into its population, distribution, threats, ecology and life history. Conservation of native wet and boggy grasslands and semi-natural pastures could potentially aid this species' conservation. Based upon the lack of data regarding this species population, distribution, threats and ecology, this species is assessed as Data Deficient (DD).
- Hermannia woasiPublication . Nunes, Rui; Borges, Paulo A. V.JUSTIFICATION: Hermannia woasi is an endemic species of the Azores (Portugal), described from one site on Flores island. From the species description, it has a very small Extent of Occurrence (8 km²) and Area of Occupancy (8 km²), which are likely underestimates, as this species probably has a wider distribution through the soil component of the island. It can be assumed that this species is affected by human activities and invasive plant species that alter the natural structure and composition of the soil; and future climatic changes and increased risk of droughts will also affect this species. The present situation of this species needs to be further assessed and further research is needed into its population, distribution, threats, ecology and life history; while conservation of natural habitats and invasive species control could potentially aid this species conservation. Based upon the incomplete knowledge regarding this species population, distribution, threats and ecology, this species is assessed as Data Deficient (DD).
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