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- Grandes alterações da biosfera: dos biomas aos antromasPublication . Dias Da Silva, Luís FilipeWladimir Petrovich Köppen foi um meteorologista, climatologista e botânico russo, que nasceu em 1846, em São Petersburgo. Devido aos seus estudos e por viajar frequentemente entre essa cidade e a Península da Crimeia, apercebeu-se da relação entre o clima e a distribuição das diferentes espécies de plantas no território. Após estudar na Alemanha, desenvolveu as suas ideias, e definiu um sistema de classificação do clima com 5 tipos, correspondentes a 5 tipos principais de vegetação: clima tropical chuvoso, clima seco, clima quente e chuvoso, clima frio e com neve, e clima polar.
- Taxonomic reassessment of Tolpis (Asteraceae) in the Azores and Madeira archipelagos with description of new speciesPublication . Borges Silva, Lurdes da Conceição; Dias da Silva, Luís Filipe; Sequeira, Miguel; Crwford, Daniel; Mort, Mark; Pires Bento da Silva Elias, Rui Miguel; Roxo, Guilherme; Moura, Monica; Schmidt-Lebuhn, AlexanderABSTRACT: Tolpis (Asteraceae) is a recently diversified genus of flowering plants, centered in the Macaronesian region, where it exhibits striking morphological variation and high levels of endemism. In this study, we focus on the archipelagos of Madeira and the Azores (Portugal). The Azores are divided into three biogeographically distinct island groups—western, central, and eastern sub-archipelagos—which provide a natural framework for studying insular diversification. The number and identity of endemic Tolpis taxa in these islands remain poorly understood. To address this, we integrated recent molecular evidence with a comprehensive morphometric dataset, including 349 specimens from 137 locations across both archipelagos. Based on 61 quantitative and qualitative morphological characters, we re-circumscribe previously described taxa and formally describe seven new endemic species from the Azores. Consistent morphological differences support the recognition of Tolpis succulenta as endemic to Madeira. Within the Azores, both T. succulenta and T. azorica in their current circumscription display island-level morphological variation, leading to the recognition of seven newly described endemic taxa.