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ARQ - LMS - Número 29

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Artigos publicados no Número 29 - 2012

CONTENTS:

PAIVA, Lisete S., Rita F. PATARRA, Ana I. NETO, Elisabete M. C. LIMA & José A. B. Baptista - Antioxidant activity of macroalgae from the Azores.

PEREIRA, Maria João, Elisabete DIAS & Saioa RAMOS - In vitro germination of four herbaceous species endemic to the Azores archipelago.

BOIEIRO, Mário, MAB Study Group & Artur R. M. SERRANO - New data on the spatial distribution of endemic ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Madeira Island.

LEÓN-CISNEROS, Karla, Ian TITTLEY, Marlene R. TERRA, Eunice M. NOGUEIRA & Ana I. NETO - The marine algal (seaweed) flora of the Azores: 4, further additions.

RIERA, Rodrigo, Óscar MONTERROSO & Jorge NÚÑEZ - Effects of granulometric gradient on macrofaunal assemblages in Los Cristianos harbour (Tenerife, Canary Islands).

VASCONCELOS, Joana, Manuel AFONSO-DIAS & Graça FARIA - Atlantic chub mackerel (Scomber colias) spawning season, size and age at first maturity in Madeira waters.

BARRETO, Maria C., Emanuel MENDONÇA, Vera GOUVEIA, Carolina ANJOS, Joana S. MEDEIROS, Ana M.L. SECA & Ana Isabel NETO - Macroalgae from S. Miguel Island as a potential source of antiproliferative and antioxidant products.

SHORT COMMUNICATIONS:

WIRTZ, Peter & Joana DUARTE - Alarm reaction and absence of alarm reaction to simulated predation on conspecifics in two temperate sea urchin species.

RODRIGUES, Nuno V. - New geographic distribution records for Northeastern Atlantic species from Peniche and Berlengas Archipelago.

BEN-DOV, Yair, António O. SOARES & Isabel BORGES - New data on armoured scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Diaspididae) from the Azores Islands.

GOMES-PEREIRA, José N., Fernando TEMPERA, P. A. RIBEIRO & Filipe M. PORTEIRO - Notes on fauna associated with an opportunistic artificial reef near cold-water corals.

WIRTZ, Peter - Seven new records of fish from NGor Island, Senegal.

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  • Macroalgae from S. Miguel Island as a potential source of antiproliferative and antioxidant products
    Publication . Barreto, Maria do Carmo; Mendonça, Emanuel A.; Gouveia, Vera F.; Anjos, Carolina; Medeiros, Joana S.; Seca, Ana M. L.; Neto, Ana I.
    Ulva compressa, Gelidium microdon, Osmundea pinnatifida, Fucus spiralis and Cystoseira abies-marina from the coast of S. Miguel Island were screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity against HeLa tumour cell line, antioxidant potential and total phenolic content. From each alga, the hexane fraction (HF) of the methanol extract, the methanol residue (MF) and the dichloromethane extract (DE), were obtained and evaluated. The highest antiproliferative activity against HeLa cell line was found in C. abies-marina and F. spiralis DE (IC50 8.8 μg/mL and 10.7 μg/mL, respectively), and presented selective cytotoxicity, when tested against Vero cell line. Fluorescence microscopy studies of the two most active extracts suggest an apoptosis-inducing activity. Concerning the antioxidant activity, high values were found on F. spiralis MF and HF (EC50 0.62 μg/mL and 2.01 μg/mL, respectively), even higher than those obtained for trolox and quercetin. This high antioxidant activity in F. spiralis MF can be explained by its content in phenolic compounds, but not for HF, where the antioxidant compounds must be less polar. These results suggest that some macroalgae from the Azorean sea have great potential which could be considered for future applications in medicine, food production or cosmetics industry.
  • Atlantic chub mackerel (Scomber colias) spawning season, size and age at first maturity in Madeira waters
    Publication . Vasconcelos, Joana; Afonso-Dias, Manuel; Faria, Graça
    The pelagic chub mackerel, Scomber colias Gmelin, 1789 is one of the most important fishery resources in the Madeira Archipelago. S. colias is caught by a small and coastal purse-seine fleet that traditionally operates around the islands. Monthly samples of chub mackerel were taken from commercial landings, between January 2002 and December 2005. Sex and maturity were assigned by visually inspecting the gonads of 1998 males (17.4-46.0 cm total length, TL; 0-5 yr) and 2108 females (18.0-41.2 cm TL; 0-4 yr) using a five-stages macroscopic maturity scale; 99 specimens with undetermined sex (13.0-26.8 cm TL; 0 yr) were also sampled. The analysis of monthly gonadosomatic indices and maturity stages proportions showed that gonad development started slowly in July-August and increased in October-December, for males and females. Spawning took place between January-April peaking in February-March. Maturity ogives were fitted to the observed proportions of mature males and females by using non-linear methods, to estimate size and age at first maturity: 22.12 cm TL at 1.05 yr for males and 21.55 cm TL at 0.82 yr for females.
  • Seven new records of fish from NGor Island, Senegal
    Publication . Wirtz, Peter
    During dives along the coast of Senegal, in the vicinity of NGor Island, several fish species were observed that apparently have not yet been recorded from this area.
  • Notes on fauna associated with an opportunistic artificial reef near cold-water corals
    Publication . Gomes-Pereira, José N.; Tempera, Fernando; Ribeiro, P. A.; Porteiro, Filipe M.
    This short communication provides a sporadic insight on the importance of a hard three-dimensional structure for deepwater fish near CWC. Fish size and behaviour inside the structure and in the surrounding area are described. Additionally, a list of biofouling macroorganisms found on the structure after one year of deployment is presented.
  • New data on armoured scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Diaspididae) from the Azores Islands
    Publication . Ben-Dov, Yair; Soares, António O.; Borges, Isabel
    This short communication presents new records of four species of armoured scale insects (Diaspididae) which were recently collected from the Azores Islands. Two of these species, indicated below by an asterisk, are here reported for the first time from these islands. Voucher specimens of these records are deposited in the Coccoidea Collection of the first author.
  • New geographic distribution records for Northeastern Atlantic species from Peniche and Berlengas Archipelago
    Publication . Rodrigues, Nuno V.
    During SCUBA dives and intertidal surveys carried out in 2006 and 2007 at Peniche and the Berlengas Archipelago (Portugal), undertaken as part of a research project with the objective of publishing an underwater marine guide, a photographic register of several species not yet recorded for the area was produced. Subsequent identification and bibliographic research confirmed that these records were made beyond the previously known geographic distribution boundaries for each of the species mentioned here.
  • Alarm reaction and absence of alarm reaction to simulated predation on conspecifics in two temperate sea urchin species
    Publication . Wirtz, Peter; Duarte, Joana
    Body fluids released by prey can signal the presence of a nearby predator. Numerous aquatic organisms show alarm responses to body fluids of conspecifics (reviewed by Chivers & Smith 1998, and by Ferrari et al. 2010). For nine sea urchin species, an alarm response to the smell of crushed conspecifics or the smell of extracts of conspecifics has been shown (Snyder & Snyder 1970, Mann et al. 1984, Parker & Shulman 1986, Campbell et al. 2001, Hagen et al. 2002, Vadas & Elner 2003). Two sea urchin species also responded to extracts from other species of the same genus (Parker & Shulman 1986). The sea urchins either moved to nearby shelter or moved away from the direction of the extract. We tested the two common, temperate eastern Atlantic sea urchins Arbacia lixula and Sphaerechinus granularis for the presence of such alarm reactions to simulated predation on conspecifics. (Introduction)
  • Effects of granulometric gradient on macrofaunal assemblages in Los Cristianos harbour (Tenerife, Canary Islands)
    Publication . Riera, Rodrigo; Monterroso, Óscar; Núñez, Jorge
    Along the rapid increase of coastal tourism worldwide, evidence is accumulating on the numerous environmental coastal impacts that it causes on marine environments. One of the most important anthropogenic pressures is the construction of marinas or recreational harbours. Typically, most of the studies provide snapshots of the spatial distribution of macrobenthic communities inside and outside of the marina area. However, there is no much information about sedimentary dynamics inside the harbour and their effect on macroinfaunal In the innermost stations of Los Cristianos harbour a different macrofaunal community was present, dominated by the amphipods Cheirocratus assimilis and Corophium acutum and the polychaete Nainereis laevigata. Changes in macrofaunal assemblages could be used as early warnings in identifying environmental impacts before they cause major shifts in the marine environment.
  • The marine algal (seaweed) flora of the Azores: 4, further additions
    Publication . León-Cisneros, Karla; Tittley, Ian; Terra, Marlene R.; Nogueira, Eunice M.; Neto, Ana I.
    Eight records of seaweeds are reported new to the mid-Atlantic Azores archipelago. Coelothrix irregularis and Lejolisia sp. fall within their overall distributional range. Sebdenia rodrigueziana and Syringoderma floridana have their north-western limit of distribution there. The islands represent the western limit of occurrence for Antithamnionella boergesenii, Aphanocladia stichidiosa, Sebdenia dichotoma, and Codium effusum. The presente and previous papers in this series reveal the extension in range distribution to the west of many of the new records found in the Azores, raising the question as to why the western Atlantic acts as a barrier to dispersal. The new records presented here increase the current total of species recorded on the Azores to 385 (55 Chlorophyta, 74 Heterokontophyta (Phaeophyceae), and 256 Rhodophyta), showing that this isolated island group supports a relatively rich benthic marine algal flora.
  • New data on the spatial distribution of endemic ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Madeira Island
    Publication . Boieiro, Mário; Serrano, Artur R. M.
    Based on standardised sampling methods covering a large fraction of native forest on Madeira Island, new distribution data is reported for 33 species of endemic ground beetles. Most of these species have been found in new localities and their distribution range is now better known. Dromius angustus alutaceus Wollaston, 1857 was "rediscovered" after more than fifty years since the last known record and two rare Philorhizus species (P. conicipennis (Fauvel, 1905) and P. vieirai Mateu, 1957) were also located. Furthermore, two other arboreal endemics (Olisthopus ericae Wollaston, 1854 and O. maderensis Wollaston, 1854) were recorded from many new localities. This work represents a considerable improvement of the knowledge on the distribution of ground beetle species endemic to Madeira, hence contributing to future management plans targeting the conservation of endemic biota.