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ARQ - SCN - N 05 (1984)

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http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/4945

Artigos publicados no Número 5 - 1984

CONTEÚDO / CONTENTS:

ALMAÇA, Carlos - Alguns aspectos biológicos da hominização. (pp. 9-23)

ARRUDA, Luís M.; GORDO, Leonel Serrano - On the study of a sample of Gasteropods (Prosobranchia) from the intertidal range of Azores.(pp. 25-32)

MEDEIROS, Maria Leonor Pavão Sequeira - Revisão das propriedades de Chelidonium majus, L. (Papaveraceae) planta existente nas ilhas dos Açores.(pp. 33-45)

MELO, Fátima; LE GRAND, Gérald - Estudos biométricos em Sylvia atricapilla e Erithacus rubecula nos Açores.(pp. 47-72)

SILVA, Maria Manuela Rodrigues; FLORES, Maria Genuína - Efeito de um insecticida Piretróide-Permetrina sobre clorofíceas.(pp. 73-85)

LE GRAND, Gérald - Réflexions sur le peuplement de la Macaronésie.(pp. 87-101)

TAVARES, J. F. da Ponte - Recovery of Dairy Waste.(pp. 103-127)

SIMÕES, Ana Maria M. Ávila - Observações acerca de Popillia Japonica Newman na Ilha Terceira.(pp. 129-156)

LEAL, Hernâni Silva - Relation entre l’efficacité biologique et le comportement chimique du Bifenox dans le sol d’une culture d’orge d’hiver.(pp. 157-196)

FURTADO, Duarte Soares - Status e distribuição das plantas vasculares endémicas dos Açores.(pp. 197-209)

FERRAUD, G.; SCHINCKE, H.-U. ; LIETZ,J. ; GOSTAUD, J. ; PRITCHARD, G. and BLEIL, U. - New K-Ar ages, chemical analyses and magnetic data of rocks from the Islands of Santa Maria (Azores), Porto Santo and Madeira (Madeira Archipelago) and Gran Canaria (Canary Islands).(pp. 213-240)

MACHADO, Frederico - Possíveis causas dos sismos dos Açores.(pp. 241-258)

SALGUEIRO, Mário Alberto A. O. e ALMEIDA, Maria Helena C. M. - Estudo litológico-estrutural da Bacia da Lagoa do Fogo.(pp. 259-280)

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  • Alguns aspectos biológicos da hominização
    Publication . Almaça, Carlos
    A hominização é uma parte da evolução, aquela a que, naturalmente, se tem conferido particular importância. Os autores ou partidários das várias teorias evolutivas ocuparam-se, com maior ou menor profundidade, dos problemas relacionados com a evolução dos hominídeos. É evidente que as perspectivas sob as quais se visualiza a hominização, tanto nos seus processos como nos seus resultados, são hoje completamente idênticas às da evolução de qualquer outro grupo animal em que sistemas genéticos e estruturas populacionais sejam comparáveis. Apenas, a partir de certa altura e com participação acentuadamente crescente, a dependência dos hominídeos relativamente a factores extracorporais (Tobias, 1978) terá exercido uma progressiva influência na hominização. Com efeito, a fabricação e utilização de utensílios e as formas sociais, novas entre os animais, que permitiram, deverão ter actuado decisivamente na evolução dos hominídeos. Os aspectos culturais, porém, ultrapassam o âmbito do presente trabalho, bem como a formação do seu autor, pelo que, somente serão aqui abordadas algumas facetas biológicas da hominização.
    1984-07Journal article Open access Show more
  • On the study of a sample of Gasteropods (Prosobranchia) from the intertidal range of Azores
    Publication . Arruda, Luís M.; Gordo, Leonel Serrano
    According to MOTOMURA (1932), the geometrical progression law gives a good idea of the relative abundance of the animal species living in the intertidal region. The author's stay of the population structure of 23 mollusc, 5 echinoderm and 1 crustacean species from the different levels of the intertidal region lead to these conclusion (cf. INAGAKI, 1967). Nevertheless, MOTOMURA's deduction can be argued in two ways: on one hand, the tidal zone presents several environments at different levels and in distinct regions, and for this reason the structure of a settlement living in a homogeneous diverse environment is described by MACARTHUR's broken-stick model. On the other hand, the application of MOTOMURA's model demands the correct delimitation of the settlements which are submitted to the same environmental aspects. These give them the own individuality that can be seen in a specific characteristic profile which if it is not found, leads to the un-adjustment of the model. For these reasons, ARRUDA (1979 a, b; in press) in previous works dealing with intertidal fish studied the application of MOTOMURA's model to settlements living in different biotopes and compared the goodness of the adjustments obtained. This present work aims to test the model's adjustment to a gastropod community intertidal prosobranchs living under accentuated hydrodynamic conditions and subjected to intensive fishing at Laginha, a place around an island (Fayal) of the Azores archipelago. The coast of these islands is difficult to approach, being formed by huge irregular rock formations or by vertical cliffs to the sea. So a pahoehoe type lava area with a slight declivity was chosen as fieldwork. There it is possible to approach the surf me during low tide. It must be referred to as a point d interest, that limpets are much consumed on these islands and so their commercial value should not be under-estimated. Those environmental conditions make the collecting of these species easier.
    1984-07Journal article Open access Show more
  • Recovery of Dairy Waste
    Publication . Tavares, Joaquim F. P.
    Pure lactose is being used increasingly by food industries because of its many unique characteristics. Its availability, low price, high nutritive value, low hygroscopicity plus good solubility make the incorporation of lactose attractive into many foods. It is used in baked goods, to impart moisture retaining tenderizing, and collar-appealing properties. Lactose is widely by used in baby- formulas and pharmaceuticals. Lactose is milk sugar that enzyme lactase breaks down. For want of lactase most adults cannot digest milk. In populations that drink milk, the adults have more lactase perhaps through natural selecties. About 1-4 % of milk input to dairies and creameries is wasted. The economic and nutritional value of this wastage is calculated. Attempts mover the wastage have been made in some instances but it is doubtful if recovery process is economically justifiable. A major part of the paper is concerned with whey, which constitutes a special problem, the extent of which is described and the nutritional value of the whey wastage calculated. Methods of treatment are discussed. «Conventional» treatments, including drying, direct animal feeding and lactose extraction, are briefly described together with newer «unconventional» treatments at greater length. These «unconventional» processes - gel filtration, ion exchange and ultrafiltration – generally aim at extracting the 0.7 % of true protein from whey in undenatured form. Ultrafiltration is now reaching a commercial scale. All three processes produce a lactose-rich by-product which, for economic success, must be utilised. Possible lactose utilisation includes fermentation either to a protein-rich biomass or other product e.g. alcohol, or by enzimic conversion to galactose/glucose syrup which may have a relatively ready acceptability in foodstuffs for subsequent f mentation. Neither process is yet established cm a commercial scale.
    1984-07Journal article Open access Show more
  • Observações acerca de Popillia Japonica Newman na Ilha Terceira
    Publication . Simões, Ana Maria M. Ávila
    No presente trabalho faz-se urna breve análise sobre a actual situação de Popillia japonica Newman na ilha Terceira e apresentam-se os resultados de observações feitas no campo acerca do comportamento alimentar dos adultos e de ensaios realizados no laboratório sobre preferências alimentares.
    1984-07Journal article Open access Show more
  • New K-Ar ages, chemical analyses and magnetic data of rocks from the Islands of Santa Maria (Azores), Porto Santo and Madeira (Madeira Archipelago) and Gran Canaria (Canary Islands)
    Publication . Ferraud, G.; Schincke, H.-U.; Lietz, J.; Gostaud, J.; Pritchard, G.; Bleil, U.
    K/Ar determination, major and trace element chemical analyses and magnetic data are reported for rocks from Santa Maria (Azores), Madeira and Porto Santo, and Gran Canaria. Based on these data, the age of the basement of Santa Maria is believed to have formed between about 5.2 and 4.6 Ma, the unconformably overlying pillow complex interbedded with fossiliferous calcarenites about 3.8 to 3.3 Ma with the capping subaerial basalt being part of the same magmatic phase. The major erosional phase levelling the basement is thus approximately synchronous with the major Pliocene regression (R2) m Gran Canaria (Lietz and Schminke, 1975), possibly indicating a widespread eustatic event. The upper part of the submarine, partly fossiliferous series of Porto Santo was dated as ca. 12 to 13 Ma and the Quaternary age for the major basalt formation in Eastern Madeira (Watkins and Abdel Monem, 1971) is confirmed. The agess of several formations on Gran Canaria were slightly revised. Chemical differences between basement (shield l) and later posterosional series on Gran Canaria are reemphasized by the new data, while such differences are much less pronounced between the basement and younger series on Santa Maria.
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  • Possíveis causas dos sismos dos Açores
    Publication . Machado, Frederico
    Os abalos sísmicos dos Açores dependem certamente do mecanismo que faz mover as três placas litosféricas que existem na área destas ilhas. Um modelo de mecanismo que parece, adequado para explicar o ritmo das crises sísmicas baseia-se em pulsações de gravitação. Entre as principais perturbações neste ritmo figuram as marés terrestres (especialmente a semi-anual) e as variações de energia elástica disponível, devidas à própria fraturação que produz os abalos.
    1984-07Journal article Open access Show more
  • Estudo litológico-estrutural da Bacia da Lagoa do Fogo
    Publication . Salgueiro, Mário A.; Almeida, Maria Helena C. M.
    Este trabalho de geologia de pormenor da bacia da Lagoa do Fogo, ilha de São Miguel, Açores, permite tirar conclusões sobre permeabilidade de rochas promíticas e traquíticas do seu perímetro marginal e estabelecer considerações sabre recursos hídricos desta área.
    1984-07Journal article Open access Show more
  • Relation entre l'éfficacité biologique et le comportement chimique du Bifenox dans le sol d'une culture d'orge d'hiver.
    Publication . Leal, Hernâni S.
    Ce travail a comme objectif l'étude du comportement du Bifenox, un herbicide de La famille des diphénylétheres, le methyl 5 - (2,4 - dichloro-phenoxy)- 2- nitrobenzoate, dans le sol d'une culture d'orge d'hiver. On envisage la persistance dans le sol de ses résidus et d'un de ses metabolites potentiels, le nitroféne. Cela en function du temps et de la profondeur pour evaluer sa phytotoxicité. Cette étude a été entreprise par l'intermédiaire d'analyses chimiques et biologiques. En plus, nous avons effectué des observations biologiques, concernant leur efficacité à l'égard des plantes adventices presentes dans cet essai.
    1984-07Journal article Open access Show more
  • Status e distribuição das plantas vasculares endémicas dos Açores
    Publication . Furtado, Duarte
    Actual status and distribution of endemic vascular plants are presented. All know records are integrated in order to define priorities for conservation. This provisory red list should be revised each two years.
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  • Revisão das propriedades da Chelidonium majus L. (Papaveraceae) planta existente nas ilhas dos Açores
    Publication . Pavão, Maria Leonor
    Estrutura química dos alalóides do látex da Chelidornium majus L., planta medicinal existente nas Ilhas dos Açores. Propriedades farmacológicas. Efeitos fungistático, antivírico, bacteriostático, de inibição e de deformação de protozoários, anti-tumoral, anti-inflamatório e de inibição enzimática.
    1984-07Journal article Open access Show more