CEEAplA Working Paper Series 2008
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- Anais de direito de asiloPublication . Rodrigues, José NoronhaNos anais da história podemos encontrar várias referências à problemática do asilo e à migração como um fenómeno transversal da História da Humanidade. Recordar e compreender estes factos sócio-jurídicos é cimentar a alavanca imprescindível para que, sustentadamente, possamos desenvolver no século XXI, uma Convenção Internacional sobre os Asilados à semelhança da Convenção de Genebra sobre o Estatuto dos Refugiados, de 1951 e/ou um Direito Único de Asilo para a União Europeia.
- Aproximação organizacional à estratégia de internacionalização das cadeias de franchisingPublication . Couto, João P.; Resendes, IsabelEste trabalho analisa os factores que diferenciam as empresas de franchising que se expandirão para o estrangeiro das que apenas actuam em Portugal. Permite verificar quais os factores que condicionam a internacionalização destas empresas e em que medida estas divergem das suas congéneres estrangeiras. Utiliza-se uma base de dados das empresas de franchising a actuar em Portugal e a metodologia empregue consistiu na estimação de um modelo logit que permite verificar a influência de factores como o sector de actividade, valor de entrada, valor de investimento, duração do contrato, a experiência de franchising e a nacionalidade, na definição de actividade internacional. As conclusões apontam para a existência de um relacionamento positivo, com a internacionalização, relativamente ao valor de entrada e de investimento, uma relação inversa com o número de anos de início do franchising e uma maior propensão para a internacionalização nas empresas estrangeiras a operar em Portugal face às empresas portuguesas.
- Assessing the drivers of virtual knowledge management impact in European Firm’s performance : an exploratory analysisPublication . Tiago, Flávio Borges; Tiago, Maria Teresa Borges; Couto, João P.E-Business is a phenomenon that has progressed over the past decades at record speed, with considerable promise and hype. It has been embraced with varying degrees of enthusiasm and impact by both large firms and Small and Medium Enterprises (SME). Parallel with its development, E-Business has attracted research interests, seen in a plethora of new modules, programmes, models and tools. Knowledge Management (KM) is one tool that seams to gain a more relevant role, especially as managing knowledge has become increasingly important to all companies. Appropriate KM practices within organisations can be seen as one of the prerequisites to the enhancement of continuous performance improvement in the interne-based context. Thus, our aim is to develop a conceptual framework related to KM practices in a virtual context and to identify the nature of the relationship existing in those knowledge-driven elements and performance achievements. This paper aims to bridge the gap between the KM and e-business performance-related literatures from the viewpoint of European firms by establishing a model tested in European companies. For this purpose, we used a structural equation modelling analysis. The results show that KM has a positive impact on the maximization of e-business performance and that some elements individually have a positive influence on e-business performance. As limitations of the study, we consider the need for more research into this field and the inclusion of news elements such as technological readiness and management support to KM initiatives. The present study advances knowledge on the nature of the relative importance of different components of Internet-based KM as drivers of e-business performance and reinforces its importance as an integrated e-business tool.
- Basel II : operational risk measurement in the portuguese Banking sector and an evaluation of the quantitive impactsPublication . Couto, Gualter; Bulhões, KevinThe present work is aimed at understanding the general notion and origin of the New Basel Accord, which intends to attain international bank stability, emphasizing the convergence between regulatory capital and economic capital, applying its risk sensitive methodologies. This work focuses on one of the principal novelties of Basel II – operational risk and its respective methodologies for calculating minimum capital requirements. The New Capital Accord encourages financial institutions to gradually evolve from basic to sophisticated methodologies. Institutions using more sophisticated methods will be rewarded by deductions on the capital allocated for the calculation of the capital ratio. The methodologies associated to operational risk will be applied to a group of national banking institutions. These methodologies are referred to in Pillar I of the New Capital Accord: (i) basic indicator approach, (ii) the standardized approach and (iii) the alternative standardized approach. The purpose of this practical application is to evaluate and quantify the impact due to the introduction of Basel II.
- O estado da arte na convergência contabilística internacionalPublication . Cordeiro, Ruben; Couto, GualterO fenómeno da globalização tem forçado determinadas ciências a estudar novos paradigmas. Também na contabilidade assiste-se a alterações profundas no âmbito da preparação e divulgação da informação financeira, uma vez que os interessados por esta actuam globalmente. Desta forma, há uma necessidade evidente em conciliar ou unificar normas e práticas contabilísticas em países ou regiões, que possam favorecer a comparabilidade da informação, a economia de tempo na preparação e divulgação financeira e a maior consistência dos factores económicos, legais e sociais. Há muitos interessados na criação de sistemas contabilísticos globais, quer por via da harmonização quer pela normalização contabilística. Pese embora o desejo colectivo de convergir, existem diversos factores exógenos ou endógenos, muitos deles históricos, que condicionam e formam cada sistema contabilístico, dando origem à actual diversidade contabilística internacional. Esta diferença conceptual e os respectivos factores condicionadores representam um obstáculo, embora indirecto, à livre convergência contabilística internacional. Por outro lado, os opositores actuam de formas contrária à redução da diversidade contabilística. São considerados elementos obstáculos directos ao processo de convergência contabilística internacional.
- Evaluating a mobile telecommunications merger in PortugalPublication . Andini, Corrado; Cabral, RicardoThis paper evaluates the impact of the proposed Optimus-TMN mobile telecommunications merger in Portugal. The results suggest that, if the merger would have taken place, the average market profit margin would have increased by 11.6 percentage points and the average market price would have increased by 3.8%. As a consequence, the average marginal cost would have decreased by 14.9%, and welfare would have increased by €163.3mn per year, a gain entirely captured by the producers. Moreover, the merger would have resulted in a large transfer of surplus from consumers to producers, to the tune of €99.5mn per year. The conclusion is that, while the merger could have been authorized on efficiency grounds, such authorization should have been accompanied by strict retail price-cap merger remedies.
- Expected time to invest in a new locationPublication . Couto, Gualter; Nunes, Cláudia; Silva, BrunoIn this paper we study the expected time to invest in a new location. In particular we derive expected values of the optimal timing regarding the decision of relocation of a company. We address two classes of scenarios. In the first one we assume that new (and potentially more efficient) spots become available according to a non-homogeneous Poisson process, whereas in the second we assume a conditional Poisson process. For both scenarios we derive mathematical expressions for the expected value of the firm in specific situations, where the intensity function is some particular function. We end up the paper presenting numerical illustrations of the derived results.
- Future entrepreneur’s profilePublication . Silva, Francisco; Couto, Gualter; Coelho, HugoGiven that entrepreneurship plays a key role in the development of a country’s economy, governments should stimulate entrepreneurial orientation, particularly among youngsters in their formative years; schools must play a pertinent role in the promotion and support of these capacities. Indeed, the European Commission advises that schools foster such skills. In this context, we apply a frame to screen school populations in the Azores Islands, Portugal, for prospects of entrepreneurship and to study the profiles of those who noticeably show entrepreneurial orientations. Knowing the ideal combination of personality traits that foretell young entrepreneurs, schools can develop the syllabuses that are best aimed at promoting entrepreneurship and increasing the capacities of those who prove to be entrepreneurially oriented. This work leads to the following main findings: first, that one quarter of all senior students in high school in the Azores Islands bears prospects for entrepreneurship and, second, this same group shows a well-defined psychological profile that may vary depending on one’s willingness to expend effort.
- High speed rail transport valuationPublication . Pimentel, Pedro; Azevedo-Pereira, José; Couto, GualterThe present paper investigates the optimal timing of investment for a high speed rail (HSR) project, in an uncertain environment, using a real options analysis (ROA) framework. It develops a continuous time framework with stochastic demand that allows for the determination of the optimal timing of investment and the value of the option to defer in the overall valuation of the project. The modelling approach used is based on the differential utility provided to railway users by the HSR service.
- High speed rail transport valuation and policy decisionsPublication . Pimentel, Pedro; Azevedo-Pereira, José; Couto, GualterThe present paper investigates the process of decision making regarding the optimal timing to invest in the high speed rail (HSR) project, under uncertainty, using the real options analysis (ROA) framework. It’s developed a continuous time framework that allows a solution to the problem concerning the optimal timing to invest and to value the impact of the option to defer in the overall valuation of the project, with multiple uncertainty factors. Besides considering a stochastic demand, the effect of uncertainty in the investment’s expenditure and over the benefit per user is incorporated in a model with three stochastic variables. The modelling approach used is based on the differential utility provided to railway users by the HSR service.
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