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- Bryophytes of Santa Maria Island (Azores, Portugal): an updated inventoryPublication . Morgado, Leila; Polaino-Martín, Clara; Poponessi, Silvia; Silveira, Gabriela; Aguiar Sousa, Mariana; Borges, Paulo; Gabriel, Rosalina; Mologni, FabioA bryophyte survey was conducted on Santa Maria Island in 2019, taking advantage of the MOVECLIM-AZO project expedition to the Island, while adding collections in different sites. The standard collection follows the Global Island Monitoring Scheme (GIMS) protocol for bryophytes across three altitudinal levels (16, 200 and 400 m a.s.l.) and substrates, while the other specimens were collected opportunistically to improve the known dataset of bryophyte occurrences in Santa Maria. Opportunistic sampling was carried out guided by taxonomic expertise, while visiting different locations between 31 and 464 m a.s.l. and exploring diverse substrates. The survey resulted in the collection of 85 species and 810 specimens (occurrence records), obtained from 264 events. This research presents a dataset that expands current knowledge about bryophyte diversity on Santa Maria Island and supports future studies.
- The Deep-Sea Preyscapes of Mammalian Top PredatorsPublication . Merten, Véronique; Guilpin, Marie; Parker, Julia; Oudejans, Machiel; Dolan, Shannon; Baumann-Pickering, Simone; Hazen, Elliott; Barcelos, Luís; Guerreiro, Miguel Fernandes; Porteiro, Filipe; Franzenburg, Sören; Bayer, Till; Hoving, Henk-Jan; Visser, FleurPrey richness, accessibility, and density shape predator foraging strategies. Deep-sea preyscapes, however, remain largely unknown, limiting our understanding of how prey presence and distribution shape predator movement, energy budget, and ecological role. Using combined eDNA metabarcoding and hydroacoustics, we investigated the deep-sea cephalopod and fish preyscapes of three co-occurring cetacean predators (Risso's dolphins (Grampus griseus), Sowerby's beaked whales (Mesoplodon bidens), and goose-beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris)) across an inshore-offshore gradient. We tested whether (i) prey acoustic backscatter (a metric for density) and taxonomic richness decreased with distance from shore; (ii) predators exploit localized peaks in prey density and richness; and (iii) prey composition and density varied across adjacent foraging habitats along the inshore-offshore gradient. Across 117 samples, we detected 37 cephalopod and 66 fish taxa, including other top predators (sharks). Acoustic backscatter was concentrated within the deep scattering layer (DSL). Yet, peak taxonomic richness occurred above and below it, suggesting that the local DSL holds relatively limited fish and cephalopod richness. The offshore DSLs were vertically shallower and more stable, while the inshore DSL was deeper and bifurcated, possibly due to predator avoidance. Contrary to expectation, acoustic backscatter offshore was up to fivefold higher than inshore, and taxonomic richness did not decrease with distance from shore. Fish communities varied primarily with depth, whereas cephalopod communities varied along the inshore-offshore gradient. Bathypelagic offshore foraging zones of goose-beaked whales contained overall low acoustic backscatter but high taxonomic richness. This suggests that goose-beaked whales may target large, energy-rich cephalopods and prioritize prey quality over density. Our results reveal vertical and horizontal habitat complexity in an oceanic ecosystem that may shape predator–prey interactions and habitat partitioning among cetacean species.