Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-11"
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- L’île chez Christian Gailly et Christian Oster : reconnaissance ou méconnaissance du territoire insulaire?Publication . Faria, DominiqueChez Christian Gailly et Christian Oster, la représentation de l’île procède par une approche double de reprise et de dénonciation de la stéréotypie associée aux territoires insulaires dans l’imaginaire occidental. Partant du présupposé de l’impossibilité de saisir le territoire, ces romanciers redonnent à lire l’île par un mouvement de reconnaissance du monde, en proposant un regard au prisme de ses représentations figées, traditionnelles.
- First record of an Odontaspidid shark in Ascension Island watersPublication . Richardson, Andrew J.; Burgess, George H.; Shepherd, Charles M.; Weber, Sam B.The occurrence of the poorly understood shark species Odontapsis ferox is reported at an oceanic seamount in the central south Atlantic, within the Exclusive Economic Zone of Ascension Island. The presence of the species at this location is confirmed by the discovery of a tooth embedded in scientific equipment, and footage of at least one animal on autonomous underwater video. The new record of this shark species at this location demonstrates the knowledge gaps which still exist at many remote, oceanic structures and their candidacy for status as important conservation areas.
- Apletodon gabonensis, a new species of clingfish (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae) from Gabon, eastern Atlantic OceanPublication . Fricke, Ronald; Wirtz, PeterThe clingfish Apletodon gabonensis sp. nov. is described on the basis of seven specimens and colour photographs from Gabon, eastern Atlantic Ocean. The species is small, apparently not exceeding 20 mm total length; it is characterized by having 5 dorsal-fin rays, 4-5 anal-fin rays, 25-27 pectoral-fin rays, head width in males 2.6-4.7 in SL, anus in males with urogenital papilla present but not pronounced; snout long, broad, anteriorly truncate in male, narrower and rather pointed in female; preorbital length 1.8-3.8 in head length; conspicuous maxillary barbel absent in both sexes; disc with 10-12 rows of papillae in region A, 5 rows of papillae in region B, and 5-7 rows of papillae in region C. The new species is compared with the other species of the genus; a key to the males of the 6 known species of the eastern Atlantic genus Apletodon is presented.
- Snake eels (Ophichthidae) of the remote St. Peter and St. Paul’s Archipelago (Equatorial Atlantic) : Museum records after 37 years of shelf lifePublication . Luiz Jr., Omar J.; McCosker, John E.Despite of its major zoogeographical interest, the biological diversity of central Atlantic oceanic islands are still poorly known because of its remoteness. Incomplete species inventories are a hindrance to macroecology and conservation because knowledge on species distribution are important for identifying patterns and processes in biodiversity and for conservation planning. Records of the snake-eel family Ophichthidae for the St. Peter and St. Paul’s Archipelago, Brazil, are presented for the first time after revision of material collected and deposited in a museum collection 37 yrs ago. Specimens of Apterichtus kendalli and Herpetoichthys regius were collected using rotenone on sand bottoms and one Myrichthys sp. was observed and photographed swimming over a rocky reef. Remarkably, these species were not seen or collected in the St. Peter and St. Paul’s Archipelago ever since despite the substantial increase of biological expeditions over the past two decades, suggesting that the unjustified rotenone sampling prohibition in Brazil is hindering advancement of the nation’s biological diversity knowledge.
- Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Nesting and Beach Selection at Príncipe Island, West AfricaPublication . Ferreira, Rogério L.; Martins, Helen R.; Bolten, Alan B.Hawksbills (Eretmochelys imbricata) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas) are the predominant nesting sea turtle species on the beaches of Príncipe Island in the Gulf of Guinea. The extent of nesting has been largely unknown, but such information is essential for management and conservation. Our study is the first island-wide nesting assessment. Results from the survey, conducted from 1 December 2009 to 18 January 2010 (during peak nesting season), show that the potential suitable nesting area (10 km) is scattered around the island’s 50 beaches. Sea turtles nested on 32 of the beaches (hawksbills, 20; green turtles, 28) and used 7.5 km of the suitable nesting habitat (hawksbills, 5.8 km; green turtles, 7.0 km). We estimated that 101 (95% CI = 86–118) clutches were deposited by 17-29 hawksbills and 1088 (95% CI = 999–1245) clutches were deposited by 166-429 green turtles on Príncipe from November 2009 to February 2010 (nesting season). Long-term green turtle nest count data collected from 2007/08 to 2015/16 suggest a positive trend. Analyses of clutch densities in relation to beach characteristics suggested that both species preferred areas where human presence is lower, which coincided with the most sheltered areas. These findings should be used to inform coastal planning and minimize impacts on nesting beaches, as Príncipe is currently targeted for tourism development. Overall, results highlight that Príncipe beaches are very important for the conservation of West African hawksbill and green turtle populations.
- The polychaete Lygdamis wirtzi at Ascension and St Helena Islands (Annelida, Polychaeta, Sabellariidae)Publication . Brown, Judith; Nishi, Eijiroh; Wirtz, Peter[…]. The genus Lygdamis (Family Sabellariidae) currently contains 20 species (Hutchings et al. 2012; Capa et al. 2015). Lygdamis wirtzi Nishi and Núñez, 1999, was originally described from Madeira Island and the Canary Islands and has also been found at the Cape Verde Islands and at São Tomé Island (Wirtz 2001, 2003). New observations of this species were made while SCUBA diving at the coasts of Ascension and St Helena Islands in 2013 and 2015. [..].
- First record of the Sculptured Mitten Lobster Parribacus antarcticus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Scyllaridae) from the Cabo Verde Islands (eastern Atlantic)Publication . Freitas, Rui; Wirtz, PeterThe lobster genus Parribacuscontains six living and one fossil species (Holthuis 1991; Chan 2010; Nyborg & Garassino 2017). In the Atlantic Ocean, only one living species is known, Parribacus antarcticus(Lund, 1793); it has been recorded in the western Atlantic from Florida to Brazil and recently also from the mid-Atlantic island of Ascension (Brown et al.2016). It is nocturnal and is often found hiding in crevices during daytime (Holthuis 1991). We here note the presence of Parribacus antarcticusat the Cabo Verde Islands, the first record of the species from the eastern Atlantic.
- Short term effects of irradiance on the growth of Pterocladiella capillacea (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta)Publication . Patarra, Rita F.; Lloveras, Anna A.; Carreiro, Ana S.; Abreu, Maria H.; Buschmann, Alejandro H.; Neto, Ana I.Pterocladiella capillacea has been economically exploited for agar extraction in the Azores for many years. Harvesting dropped to a full stop in the early 1990s due to a population collapse, but restarted in 2013. Since then it has been intensively harvested and overexploitation must be prevented, with both sustainable harvesting and effective cultivation practices. This study represents the first attempt to determine optimal conditions for P. capillacea production in the Azores, and evaluates its vegetative growth in two experiments using von Stosch’s medium designed to test entire thallus and tips portions response to different irradiances (30, 70 and 150 μmol photons m¯² s¯¹). The best relative growth rate (RGR) was recorded at 150 μmol photons m¯² s¯¹ for the entire thalli and tips after two-weeks and three-weeks, respectively, indicating that an acclimation period is necessary to assure the growth of this alga under experimental conditions. Higher RGR was obtained at higher irradiance (3.98 ± 2.10% fm day¯¹), but overall, growth rates were low or negative. Epiphytes were a serious problem towards the end of the entire thallus experiments, where Feldmannia irregularis proliferate at all irradiances. Future cultivation approaches complemented with other relevant environmental factors (e.g. pH, photoperiod, salinity), are recommended.
- Projetos CATLPublication . Gil, Ana Cristina Correia, dir.; Fialho, Adolfo Fernando da Fonte, ed.
- Constructing ethanol-derived bioactive extracts using the brown seaweed Zonaria tournefortii (J.V.Lamouroux) Montagne performed with Timatic extractor by means of response surface methodology (RSM)Publication . Nunes, Nuno; Valente, Sofia; Ferraz, Sónia; Barreto, Maria do Carmo; Carvalho, Miguel A. A. Pinheiro deUnderstanding the biochemical and antioxidant composition and capacity of a target biomass is the first step to its selectivity as functional food which can enhance the ability to promote health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases. The main purpose of this work was to employ response surface methodology (RSM) to determine the effect of the independent variables, % of ethanol (50–96%), time of sonication (0–20 min), and number of extraction cycles (6–18 cycles) in the primary extract of brown seaweed Zonaria tournefortii, studying the yield variation of some bioactive compounds, assessing the potential of these bioextracts to integrate as a natural additives or supplements in the functional food industry. The extractions were performed employing “Green Chemistry” techniques executed with the Timatic extractor, which applied pressurized ethanol solution at a maximum pressure of 8.5 bar through milled dehydrated biomass in the extraction vessel. Several parameters were assessed in the primary bioactive extract which included extract yield (11.56–28.49 g (100 g)⁻¹ dw), total chlorophyll content (0.14–1.42 g (100 g)⁻¹ dw), total carotenoid content (0.35–0.80 g (100 g)⁻¹ dw), total fucoxanthin content (0.04–0.13 g (100 g)⁻¹ dw), total phenolic content (3.58–5.84 g (100 g)⁻¹ dw), total flavonoid content (0.22–4.70 g (100 g)⁻¹ dw), DPPH (56.05–76.45%), and reducing activity (3.83–6.04 g (100 g)⁻¹ dw). A second objective was to determine the suitability of the residue for subsequent extraction of valuable compounds such as fucoidan (4.87 to 6.59 g (100 g)⁻¹ dw) and cellulose (18.88 to 20.27 g (100 g)⁻¹ dw), implementing the first step to a biorefinery strategy, using a cascade approach.
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