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- Morphology and life history studies of Scytosiphon lomentaria (Scytosiphonaceae, Phaeophyceae) from the Azores.Publication . Parente, Manuela I.; Neto, Ana I.; Fletcher, Robert L.Morphological and culture studies of Scytosiphon lomentaria (Lyngbye) Link and Microspongium gelatinosum Reinke (Scytosiphonaceae, Phaeophyceae) were undertaken on material collected on the Island of São Miguel, Azores, where both species were commonly found. Erect thalli of S. lomentaria collected in the field were up to 33 cm long and 2.3 mm wide, tubular, hollow, and commonly constricted at intervals. The plurilocular sporangia were positioned in continuous sori on the thallus surface. Ascocysts were present. In the field, M. gelatinosum formed crustose to slightly pulvinate plants, were spongy in texture, and dark brown to black in color, which were circular or irregularly spreading over several centimeters and firmly attached to the substratum. Sessile unilocular sporangia were located in sori on the crust surface. In culture S. lomentaria plurispores developed into Microspongium like crustose prostrate thalli that formed unilocular sporangia. Unispores developed into new erect thalli that formed plurilocular sporangia. Sexual reproduction was not observed. In culture, M. gelatinosum unispores developed into erect thalli identical with S. lomentaria. These results are similar to those reported for other areas and suggest the occurrence in the Azorean plants of a monophasic and heteromorphic life history, involving both entities studied.
- Susceptibility to insecticides of Glyptapanteles militaris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a Parasitoid of Pseudaletia unipuncta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).Publication . Raposo, Fátima; Oliveira, Luísa; Garcia, PatríciaThe susceptibility of cocoons and adults of Glyptapanteles militaris (Walsh) were studied. One organophosphate insecticide (trichlorfon), one organochlorine insecticide (endosulfan), one pyrethroid (deltamethrin) and a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki were selected for testing. All the tests were carried out with fresh solutions of commercial insecticides applied on host larvae at the recommended concentration. One- and 6-day-old cocoons were sprayed with the insecticide solutions by means of a Potter Tower and held for adult emergence. Adults were exposed to residues of insecticides inside plastic vials. The B. thuringiensis formulation had no harmful effect on the cocoons nor on the adults. Trichlorfon and endosulfan were highly toxic to all the tested stages. Deltamethrin was highly toxic to adults but relatively safe when applied on parasitoid cocoons. Based on these results, field applications of deltamethrin would be least disruptive of tested insecticides to populations of G. militaris.
- Comparison of whole blood glutathione peroxidase activity, levels of serum selenium and lipid peroxidation in subjects from the fishing and rural communities of "Rabo de Peixe" Village, San Miguel Island, The Azores Archipelago, Portugal.Publication . Pavão, Maria Leonor; Cordeiro, Carla; Costa, Ângelo; Raposo, José Aires; Santos, Maria Cristina; Nève, Jean; Viegas-Crespo, Ana MariaThe activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), serum selenium (Se), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured in the whole blood of 148 healthy adults aged 20–60 yr from the fishing and rural communities of “Rabo de Peixe,” The Azores, Portugal. The subjects did not live in the same household and had different socioeconomic profiles and dietary habits. The serum lipid profile and selected life habits were also considered in this study. No significant differences in the activity of GSH-Px were found in the interpopulation or intrapopulation analyses, classified by age or lipid profile. An age-dependent GSH-Px increase was noted in the younger male (M) subgroups (20–39 yr). The Se levels were higher in fishers (f) of both genders (M, F) than in subjects living in the rural (r) environment: 110±25 µg/L (f, M), 89±20 µg/L (f, F), 88±22 µg/L (r, M) and 80±17 µg/L (r, F). In the fishers, but not in the rural population, Se was higher in the males, but it did not show significant variation with age. The levels of TBARS were lower in the f than in the r male group. The Se level was lower and TBARS higher in the hyperlipemic women in the f group, compared to the corresponding controls. Our results suggest that the fishers (mainly men) show a better antioxidant status than that of their rural counterparts, due to differences in dietary habits between the study populations and between genders.
- Integração de conhecimento de especialistas na tipificação de lojas de retalho.Publication . Mendes, Armando B.; Cardoso, Margarida G.M.S."[...]. Este trabalho situa-se no âmbito de um estudo de localização de lojas de retalho alimentar de pequena e média dimensão, pretendendo tipificar um conjunto de lojas existentes. Os referidos agrupamentos são úteis não apenas para se poder avaliar o desempenho relativo das localizações e gestão das lojas mas também e, por utilização de métodos de previsão por analogia, para avaliação de novas localizações potenciais (Lilien. e Rangaswamy, 2002, Clarke, et al., 2001 e Ghosh e McLaferty, 1987)."
- Life history and phenology of Hydroclathrus clathratus (Scytosiphonaceae, Phaeophyceae) in the Azores.Publication . Toste, Marisa F.; Parente, Manuela I.; Neto, Ana I.; Fletcher, Robert L.Hidroclathrus clathradus is a common specie on the rocky intertidal shores of the island of São Miguel, Azores, mainly in spring and summer. Fertile saccate thaili appear in spring and disappear from late summer onward. Two types of life history were observed in culture: a direct-type and a heteromorphic, monophasic life history. In the direct type, reproductive cells from erect plants collected in the field developed directly into new erect thaili with plurilocular sporangia. In the heteromorphic life-hystory pattern, plurispores from the plurilocular sporangia of the erect thaili developed into filamentous prostate microthalli. These developed unilocular and plurilocular sporangia in both short-day and long-day conditions at 15-22 ºC. Unispores released from the unlocular sporangia developed into saccate thaili, whereas plurispores gave rise to filamentous prostate microthaili.