Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2022-03"
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- Chemical Composition and Phytopharmaceuticals : An Overview of the Caulerpa and Cystoseira GeneraPublication . Rosa, Gonçalo P.; Barreto, Maria do Carmo; Seca, Ana M. L.; Pinto, Diana C. G. A.In recent years, macroalgae attracted increasing attention from many industries of diverse branches such as plastics, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food. This interest is due to the diverse chemical composition existing within the various macroalgae classes, which offer the possibility of finding a wide array of primary and secondary metabolites with exciting properties and great potential for pharmacological applications. Caulerpa spp. and Cystoseira spp. produce a wide array of exciting compounds that have been isolated and showed a broad range of biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, antiprotozoal, antitumor, cytotoxic activities, among others. These compounds present high biomedical potential, constituting natural structures that could serve as scaffolds for designing novel leads for pharmacological purposes. However, Caulerpa and Cystoseira species and their cosmetic potential are still understudied, which shows a great research opportunity.
- Robótica educativa e pensamento computacional na infânciaPublication . Gil, Ana Cristina Correia, dir.; Fialho, Adolfo Fernando da Fonte, ed.; Santos, Ana IsabelNeste número, a rubrica Agora dá notícia do bastante participado Concurso de Poesia 2022 e a rubrica Ágora traz a público os propósitos de um interessante Projeto sobre Robótica Educativa e Pensamento Computacional na Infância. A Conversa Escrita deste mês realça o papel e o lugar da Comissão para a Creditação da Formação e da Experiência Profissional da UAc, em jeito de balanço do mandato que agora termina.
- Ant Diversity Declines with Increasing Elevation along the Udzungwa Mountains, TanzaniaPublication . Kunene, Caroline; Foord, Stefan H.; Scharff, Nikolaj; Pape, Thomas; Malumbres-Olarte, Jagoba; Munyai, Thinandavha C.Biodiversity patterns along elevational gradients are generally characterised by monotonic decreases or mid-elevational peaks in species richness, while elevational zones may be characterised by distinct assemblages, or higher zones may be subsets of lowland assemblages. Elevational gradients in diversity have been less studied in the Afrotropical region. This study documents ant diversity patterns in three forest types associated with the tropical mountains of Udzungwa; we hypothesise that: (1) ant diversity and activity will show a monotonic decrease from mid-elevation with increasing elevation and (2) that forests associated with different elevations will have a distinct ant assemblage. Pitfall traps were deployed at three targeted elevations (650–800, 800–1400, and 1400–1500 m a.s.l.). Ant species richness declined with increasing elevation from 650 m a.s.l. and formed three elevational assemblages with lower elevation forests having almost twice as many species as sub-montane forests and three times as many as that of the montane forests. In contrast, overall ant activity peaked at 800–1400 m a.s.l. The ant assemblages associated with the lower elevation forest were very distinct, while assemblages associated with the sub-montane and montane forests shared species. Our study reveals valuable and relevant information for biodiversity monitoring and conservation planning as the species associated with each forest type may be used as indicator species for assessing biodiversity responses to climate change and anthropogenic activities on these mountains.
- New records of marine macroalgae for the AzoresPublication . Neto, Ana I.; Cacabelos, Eva; Prestes, Afonso L.; Díaz-Tapia, Pilar; Moreu, IgnacioThe present study adds 19 species (15 Rhodophyta, one Chlorophyta and three Ochrophyta) to the Azorean marine macroalgal flora, increasing the current total of species recorded in this region to 521 (349 Rhodophyta, 76 Chlorophyta and 96 Ochrophyta), and showing that this isolated island group supports a relatively rich marine macroalgal flora. Some species fall within their known overall distributional range, whereas other found here represent a northern or southern extension to their known distribution in the Atlantic. Three species (Antithamnionella elegans, Gymnophycus hapsiphorus and Scytosiphon dotyi) are probable introductions to the Azores, whereas Melanothamnus pseudoforcipatus has an uncertain status. Six of the newly reported species were found as components of the intertidal algal turf samples, which justifies the need for continuing to examine turf samples as new discoveries can be anticipated.
- Coleoptera: Coccinellidae (col. Fauna Iberica, vol. 40), by Santos Eizaguirre. Hardback. Madrid: Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 2015, 514 pp.Publication . Serrano, Artur R. M.While this volume is written in Spanish, except the scientific names which are in Latin, I believe that biodiversity is also “language” (see Pimm 2000). Most representatives of the Coleoptera family to which this work of the “Fauna Ibérica” Series devotes its attention are commonly known by the Portuguese public as “joaninhas” and in Anglo-Saxon culture as “ladybugs” or “ladybirds”. As the author of this work says, this group of beetles is one of the few exceptions in terms of the sympathy that the people in general have for insects. […].
- Brazilian cave heritage under siegePublication . Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes; Bernard, Enrico; da Cruz Júnior, Francisco William; Piló, Luis Beethoven; Calux, Allan; Souza-Silva, Marconi; Barlow, Jos; Pompeu, Paulo S.; Cardoso, Pedro; Mammola, Stefano; García, Alejandro Martínez; Jeffery, William R.; Shear, William; Medellín, Rodrigo A.; Wynne, J. Judson; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Kamimura, Yoshitaka; Pipan, Tanja; Hajna, Nadja Zupan; Sendra, Alberto; Peck, Stewart; Onac, Bogdan P.; Culver, David C.; Hoch, Hannelore; Flot, Jean-François; Stoch, Fabio; Pavlek, Martina; Niemiller, Matthew L.; Manchi, Shirish; Deharveng, Louis; Fenolio, Danté; Calaforra, José-María; Yager, Jill; Griebler, Christian; Nader, Fadi Henri; Humphreys, William F.; Hughes, Alice C.; Fenton, Brock; Forti, Paolo; Sauro, Francesco; Veni, George; Frumkin, Amos; Gavish-Regev, Efrat; Fišer, Cene; Trontelj, Peter; Zagmajster, Maja; Delic, Teo; Galassi, Diana M. P.; Vaccarelli, Ilaria; Komnenov, Marjan; Gainett, Guilherme; da Cunha Tavares, Valeria; Kováč, Ľubomír; Miller, Ana Z.; Yoshizawa, Kazunori; Di Lorenzo, Tiziana; Moldovan, Oana T.; Sánchez-Fernández, David; Moutaouakil, Soumia; Howarth, Francis; Bilandžija, Helena; Dražina, Tvrtko; Kuharić, Nikolina; Butorac, Valerija; Lienhard, Charles; Cooper, Steve J. B.; Eme, David; Strauss, André Menezes; Saccò, Mattia; Zhao, Yahui; Williams, Paul; Tian, Mingyi; Tanalgo, Krizler; Woo, Kyung-Sik; Barjakovic, Miran; McCracken, Gary F.; Simmons, Nancy B; Racey, Paul A.; Ford, Derek; Labegalini, José Ayrton; Colzato, Nivaldo; Ramos Pereira, Maria João; Aguiar, Ludmilla M. S.; Moratelli, Ricardo; Du Preez, Gerhard; Pérez-González, Abel; Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S.; Gunn, John; Mc Cartney, Ann; Bobrowiec, Paulo E. D.; Milko, Dmitry; Kinuthia, Wanja; Fischer, Erich; Meierhofer, Melissa B.; Frick, Winifred F
- The era of reference genomes in conservation genomicsPublication . Formenti, Giulio; Theissinger, Kathrin; Fernandes, Carlos; Bista, Iliana; Bombarely, Aureliano; Bleidorn, Christoph; Ciofi, Claudio; Crottini, Angelica; Godoy, José A.; Höglund, Jacob; Malukiewicz, Joanna; Irisarri, Iker; Jakobsen, Kjetill S.; Jentoft, Sissel; Klinga, Peter; Kloch, Agnieszka; Kratochwil, Claudius F.; Kusche, Henrik; Layton, Kara K.S.; Leonard, Jennifer A.; Lerat, Emmanuelle; Mouton, Alice; Liti, Gianni; Manousaki, Tereza; Marques-Bonet, Tomas; Matos-Maraví, Pável; Matschiner, Michael; Maumus, Florian; Mc Cartney, Ann M.; Meiri, Shai; Melo-Ferreira, José; Mengual, Ximo; Oomen, Rebekah A.; Monaghan, Michael T.; Montagna, Matteo; Mysłajek, Robert W.; Neiber, Marco T.; Nicolas, Violaine; Novo, Marta; Ozretić, Petar; Palero, Ferran; Pârvulescu, Lucian; Pascual, Marta; Paez, Sadye; Paulo, Octávio S.; Pavlek, Martina; Pegueroles, Cinta; Pellissier, Loïc; Pesole, Graziano; Primmer, Craig R.; Riesgo, Ana; Rüber, Lukas; Rubolini, Diego; Salvi, Daniele; Palsbøll, Per J.; Seehausen, Ole; Seidel, Matthias; Secomandi, Simona; Studer, Bruno; Theodoridis, Spyros; Thines, Marco; Urban, Lara; Vasemägi, Anti; Vella, Adriana; Vella, Noel; Pampoulie, Christophe; Vernes, Sonja C.; Vernesi, Cristiano; Vieites, David R.; Waterhouse, Robert M.; Wheat, Christopher W.; Wörheide, Gert; Wurm, Yannick; Zammit, Gabrielle; Ruiz-López, María J.; Svardal, Hannes; Theofanopoulou, Constantina; de Vries, Jan; Waldvogel, Ann-Marie; Zhang, Guojie; Mazzoni, Camila J.; Jarvis, Erich D.; Bálint, Miklós; Formenti, Giulio; Theissinger, Kathrin; Fernandes, Carlos; Bista, Iliana; Bombarely, Aureliano; Bleidorn, Christoph; Čiampor, Fedor; Ciofi, Claudio; Crottini, Angelica; Godoy, José A.; Hoglund, Jacob; Malukiewicz, Joanna; Mouton, Alice; Oomen, Rebekah A.; Paez, Sadye; Palsbøll, Per; Pampoulie, Christophe; Ruiz-López, María José; Svardal, Hannes; Theofanopoulou, Constantina; de Vries, Jan; Waldvogel, Ann-Marie; Zhang, Goujie; Mazzoni, Camila J.; Jarvis, Erich; Bálint, Miklós; Aghayan, Sargis A.; Alioto, Tyler S.; Almudi, Isabel; Alvarez, Nadir; Alves, Paulo C.; Rosário, Isabel Amorim do; Antunes, Agostinho; Arribas, Paula; Baldrian, Petr; Berg, Paul R.; Bertorelle, Giorgio; Böhne, Astrid; Bonisoli-Alquati, Andrea; Boštjančić, Ljudevit L.; Boussau, Bastien; Breton, Catherine M.; Buzan, Elena; Campos, Paula F.; Carreras, Carlos; Castro, L. FIlipe; Chueca, Luis J.; Conti, Elena; Cook-Deegan, Robert; Croll, Daniel; Cunha, Mónica V.; Delsuc, Frédéric; Dennis, Alice B.; Dimitrov, Dimitar; Faria, Rui; Favre, Adrien; Fedrigo, Olivier D.; Fernández, Rosa; Ficetola, Gentile Francesco; Flot, Jean-François; Gabaldón, Toni; Galea Agius, Dolores R.; Gallo, Guido R.; Giani, Alice M.; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.; Grebenc, Tine; Guschanski, Katerina; Guyot, Romain; Hausdorf, Bernhard; Hawlitschek, Oliver; Heintzman, Peter D.; Heinze, Berthold; Hiller, Michael; Husemann, Martin; Iannucci, AlessioProgress in genome sequencing now enables the large-scale generation of reference genomes. Various international initiatives aim to generate reference genomes representing global biodiversity. These genomes provide unique insights into genomic diversity and architecture, thereby enabling comprehensive analyses of population and functional genomics, and are expected to revolutionize conservation genomics.
- Influence of Climate Variability and Soil Fertility on the Forage Quality and Productivity in Azorean PasturesPublication . Melo, Catarina D.; Dias, Cristiana S. A. M. Maduro; Wallon, Sophie; Borba, Alfredo Emílio Silveira de; Madruga, João; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Ferreira, Maria Teresa; Elias, Rui B.This work aimed to determine and compare the effect of elevation and season on the productivity and the nutritive value of pastures in the Azores (Terceira Island). Forage was collected and analysed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), ether extract (EE), mineral ash (Ash), dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter digestibility (OMD). The net productivity (NP) was higher in the low elevation pasture A (1.80 g m⁻²), lower in pasture B (0.98 g m⁻²) and peaked in the winter in both pastures A (3.57 g m⁻²) and B (2.33 g m⁻²) and during the summer in the high elevation pasture C (2.15 g m⁻²). The soil chemical proprieties varied significantly among the three pastures. The highest soil pH, available P, K, Ca and Mg were recorded in pasture A. Positive correlations were observed between all soil parameters analysed and NP, except for the OM content. The DM, PB and EE changed significantly with elevation, while all nutritive parameters (except CP, EE and Ash) increased significantly along the growth season. Environmental factors influenced the nutritive parameters and productivity, suggesting that climate change might have significant impacts on forage production and quality.
- Herbivory on the pedunculate oak along an urbanization gradient in Europe : Effects of impervious surface, local tree cover, and insect feeding guildPublication . Valdés‐Correcher, Elena; Popova, Anna; Galmán, Andrea; Prinzing, Andreas; Selikhovkin, Andrey V.; Howe, Andy G.; Mrazova, Anna; Dulaurent, Anne‐Maïmiti; Hampe, Arndt; Tack, Ayco J. M.; Bouget, Christophe; Lupaștean, Daniela; Harvey, Deborah; Musolin, Dmitry L.; Lövei, Gábor L.; Centenaro, Giada; Halder, Inge Van; Hagge, Jonas; Dobrosavljević, Jovan; Pitkänen, Juha‐Matti; Koricheva, Julia; Sam, Katerina; Barbaro, Luc; Branco, Manuela; Ferrante, Marco; Faticov, Maria; Tahadlová, Markéta; Gossner, Martin M.; Cauchoix, Maxime; Bogdziewicz, Michał; Duduman, Mihai‐Leonard; Kozlov, Mikhail V.; Bjoern, Mona C.; Mamaev, Nikita A.; Fernandez‐Conradi, Pilar; Thomas, Rebecca; Wetherbee, Ross; Green, Samantha; Milanović, Slobodan; Moreira, Xoaquín; Mellerin, Yannick; Kadiri, Yasmine; Castagneyrol, BastienUrbanization is an important driver of the diversity and abundance of tree-associated insect herbivores, but its consequences for insect herbivory are poorly understood. A likely source of variability among studies is the insufficient consideration of intraurban variability in forest cover. With the help of citizen scientists, we investigated the independent and interactive effects of local canopy cover and percentage of impervious surface on insect herbivory in the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) throughout most of its geographic range in Europe. We found that the damage caused by chewing insect herbivores as well as the incidence of leaf-mining and gall-inducing herbivores consistently decreased with increasing impervious surface around focal oaks. Herbivory by chewing herbivores increased with increasing forest cover, regardless of impervious surface. In contrast, an increase in local canopy cover buffered the negative effect of impervious surface on leaf miners and strengthened its effect on gall inducers. These results show that – just like in non-urban areas – plant-herbivore interactions in cities are structured by a complex set of interacting factors. This highlights that local habitat characteristics within cities have the potential to attenuate or modify the effect of impervious surfaces on biotic interactions.
- SLAM Project - Long Term Ecological Study of the Impacts of Climate Change in the Natural Forest of Azores: II - A survey of exotic arthropods in disturbed forest habitatsPublication . Borges, Paulo A. V.; Lamelas-López, Lucas; Stüben, Peter E.; Ros-Prieto, Alejandra; Gabriel, Rosalina; Boieiro, Mário; Tsafack, Noelline; Ferreira, Maria TeresaBACKGROUND: The data we present consist of an inventory of exotic arthropods, potentially invasive, collected in exotic and mixed forests and disturbed native forest patches of the Azores Archipelago. The study was carried out between 2019 and 2020 in four islands: Corvo, Flores, Terceira and Santa Maria, where a total of 45 passive flight interception SLAM traps were deployed, during three to six consecutive months. This manuscript is the second contribution of the “SLAM Project - Long Term Ecological Study of the Impacts of Climate Change in the Natural Forest of Azores”. NEW INFORMATION: We provide an inventory of terrestrial arthropods belonging to Arachnida, Diplopoda, Chilopoda and Insecta classes from four Azorean islands. We identified a total of 21,175 specimens, belonging to 20 orders, 93 families and 249 species of arthropods. A total of 125 species are considered introduced, 89 native non-endemic and 35 endemic. We registered 34 new records (nine for Corvo, three for Flores, six for Terceira and 16 for Santa Maria), of which five are new for Azores, being all exotic possibly recently introduced: Dieckmanniellus nitidulus (Gyllenhal, 1838), Gronops fasciatus Küster, 1851, Hadroplontus trimaculatus (Fabricius, 1775), Hypurus bertrandi (Perris, 1852) (all Coleoptera, Curculionidae) and Cardiocondyla mauritanica Forel, 1890 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). This publication highlights the importance of planted forests and disturbed native forest patches as reservoirs of potentially invasive arthropods and refuges for some rare relict endemic arthropod species.