Percorrer por autor "Samways, Michael J."
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- International scientists formulate a roadmap for insect conservation and recoveryPublication . Harvey, Jeffrey A.; Heinen, Robin; Armbrecht, Inge; Basset, Yves; Baxter-Gilbert, James H.; Bezemer, T. Martijn; Böhm, Monika; Bommarco, Riccardo; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Cardoso, Pedro; Clausnitzer, Viola; Cornelisse, Tara; Crone, Elizabeth E.; Dicke, Marcel; Dijkstra, Klaas-Douwe B.; Dyer, Lee; Ellers, Jacintha; Fartmann, Thomas; Forister, Mathew L.; Furlong, Michael J.; Garcia-Aguayo, Andres; Gerlach, Justin; Gols, Rieta; Goulson, Dave; Habel, Jan-Christian; Haddad, Nick M.; Hallmann, Caspar A.; Henriques, Sérgio; Herberstein, Marie E.; Hochkirch, Axel; Hughes, Alice C.; Jepsen, Sarina; Jones, T. Hefin; Kaydan, Bora M.; Kleijn, David; Klein, Alexandra-Maria; Latty, Tanya; Leather, Simon R.; Lewis, Sara M.; Lister, Bradford C.; Losey, John E.; Lowe, Elizabeth C.; Macadam, Craig R.; Montoya-Lerma, James; Nagano, Christopher D.; Ogan, Sophie; Orr, Michael C.; Painting, Christina J.; Pham, Thai-Hong; Potts, Simon G.; Rauf, Aunu; Roslin, Tomas L.; Samways, Michael J.; Sanchez-Bayo, Francisco; Sar, Sim A.; Schultz, Cheryl B.; Soares, António O.; Thancharoen, Anchana; Tscharntke, Teja; Tylianakis, Jason M.; Umbers, Kate D. L.; Vet, Louise E. M.; Visser, Marcel E.; Vujic, Ante; Wagner, David L.; WallisDeVries, Michiel F.; Westphal, Catrin; White, Thomas E.; Wilkins, Vicky L.; Williams, Paul H.; Wyckhuys, Kris A. G.; Zhu, Zeng-Rong; de Kroon, HansA growing number of studies are providing evidence that a suite of anthropogenic stressors — habitat loss and fragmentation, pollution, invasive species, climate change and overharvesting — are seriously reducing insect and other invertebrate abundance, diversity and biomass across the biosphere. These declines affect all functional groups: herbivores, detritivores, parasitoids, predators and pollinators. Insects are vitally important in a wide range of ecosystem services of which some are vitally important for food production and security (for example, pollination and pest control). […].
- A strategy for the next decade to address data deficiency in neglected biodiversityPublication . Hochkirch, Axel; Samways, Michael J.; Gerlach, Justin; Böhm, Monika; Williams, Paul; Cardoso, Pedro; Cumberlidge, Neil; Stephenson, P. J.; Seddon, Mary B.; Clausnitzer, Viola; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Mueller, Gregory M.; Pearce‐Kelly, Paul; Raimondo, Domitilla C.; Danielczak, Anja; Dijkstra, Klaas‐Douwe B.Measuring progress toward international biodiversity targets requires robust information on the conservation status of species, which the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species provides. However, data and capacity are lacking for most hyperdiverse groups, such as invertebrates, plants, and fungi, particularly in megadiverse or high-endemism regions. Conservation policies and biodiversity strategies aimed at halting biodiversity loss by 2020 need to be adapted to tackle these information shortfalls after 2020. We devised an 8-point strategy to close existing data gaps by reviving explorative field research on the distribution, abundance, and ecology of species; linking taxonomic research more closely with conservation; improving global biodiversity databases by making the submission of spatially explicit data mandatory for scientific publications; developing a global spatial database on threats to biodiversity to facilitate IUCN Red List assessments; automating preassessments by integrating distribution data and spatial threat data; building capacity in taxonomy, ecology, and biodiversity monitoring in countries with high species richness or endemism; creating species monitoring programs for lesser-known taxa; and developing sufficient funding mechanisms to reduce reliance on voluntary efforts. Implementing these strategies in the post-2020 biodiversity framework will help to overcome the lack of capacity and data regarding the conservation status of biodiversity. This will require a collaborative effort among scientists, policy makers, and conservation practitioners.
- Testing a global standard for quantifying species recovery and assessing conservation impactPublication . Grace, Molly K.; Akçakaya, H. Resit; Bennett, Elizabeth L.; Brooks, Thomas M.; Heath, Anna; Hedges, Simon; Hilton‐Taylor, Craig; Hoffmann, Michael; Hochkirch, Axel; Jenkins, Richard; Keith, David A.; Elangovan, Vanitha; Fairclough, David; Febbraro, Mirko Di; Fenu, Giuseppe; Fernandes, Fernando Moreira; Fernandez, Eduardo Pinheiro; Finucci, Brittany; Földesi, Rita; Jorgensen, Dennis; Gupta, Garima; Ryan, Catherine; Foley, Catherine M.; Ford, Matthew; Forstner, Michael R. J.; García, Néstor; Garcia‐Sandoval, Ricardo; Gardner, Penny C.; Garibay‐Orijel, Roberto; Gatan‐Balbas, Marites; Gauto, Irene; Ghazi, Mirza Ghazanfar Ullah; Mitcheson, Yvonne J. Sadovy; Katsis, Lydia K. D.; Katdare, Suyash; Godfrey, Stephanie S.; Talukdar, Bibhab Kumar; Hagen, Christina; Hagen, Christian A.; Hall, Madison B.; Hallerman, Eric; Hare, Kelly; Hart, Tom; Salmon, Lily; Hartdegen, Ruston; Harvey‐Brown, Yvette; Hatfield, Richard; Hawke, Tahneal; Tatayah, Vikash; Kaul, Rahul; Hermes, Claudia; Hitchmough, Rod; Long, Barney; Kaunda‐Arara, Boaz; Salvador, Carlos Henrique; Keith‐Diagne, Lucy; Kraus, Daniel T.; Lima, Thales Moreira; Lindeman, Ken; Linsky, Jean; Thomas, Philip; Louis, Edward; Loy, Anna; Lughadha, Eimear Nic; Mangel, Jeffrey C.; Samways, Michael J.; Mallon, David P.; Marinari, Paul E.; Martin, Gabriel M.; Martinelli, Gustavo; McGowan, Philip J. K.; McInnes, Alistair; Tringali, Angela; Teles Barbosa Mendes, Eduardo; Millard, Michael J.; Mirande, Claire; Sanjuan, Tatiana; Money, Daniel; Monks, Joanne M.; Meijaard, Erik; Morales, Carolina Laura; Mumu, Nazia Naoreen; Negrao, Raquel; Nguyen, Anh Ha; Trinh‐Dinh, Hoang; Niloy, Md. Nazmul Hasan; Norbury, Grant Leslie; Souza dos Santos, Amanda; Nordmeyer, Cale; Norris, Darren; O'Brien, Mark; Oda, Gabriela Akemi; Milner‐Gulland, E. J.; Orsenigo, Simone; Outerbridge, Mark Evan; Pasachnik, Stesha; Tuboi, Chongpi; Pérez‐Jiménez, Juan Carlos; Sasaki, Hiroshi; Pike, Charlotte; Pilkington, Fred; Plumb, Glenn; Portela, Rita de Cassia Quitete; Prohaska, Ana; Quintana, Manuel G.; Rodriguez, Jon Paul; Rakotondrasoa, Eddie Fanantenana; Ranglack, Dustin H.; Usmani, Aftab Alam; Stuart, Simon N.; Rankou, Hassan; Rawat, Ajay Prakash; Reardon, James Thomas; Rheingantz, Marcelo Lopes; Richter, Stephen C.; Rivers, Malin C.; Rogers, Luke Rollie; Rosa, Patrícia da; Stephenson, P. J.; Rose, Paul; Vié, Jean‐Christophe; Vasco‐Palacios, Aída M.; Royer, Emily; Gollock, Matthew; Schutz, Emmanuel; Scott, Heather Ann; Scott, Robert Michael; Serena, Fabrizio; Sharma, Surya P.; Shuey, John A.; Silva, Carlos Julio Polo; Simaika, John P.; Smith, David R.; Spaet, Julia L.Y.; González, Benito A.; Acebes, Pablo; Young, Richard P.; Sultana, Shanjida; Hoffmann, Pablo Melo; Virens, Jo; Walker, Alan; Wallace, Bryan; Waller, Lauren J.; Wang, Hongfeng; Wearn, Oliver R.; Grant, Tandora D.; Weerd, Merlijn; Weigmann, Simon; Willcox, Daniel; Woinarski, John; Howarth, Charlie; Alfaro‐Shigueto, Joanna; Yong, Jean W.H.; Young, Stuart; Alvarez‐Clare, Silvia; Andriantsimanarilafy, Raphali Rodlis; Gray, Thomas; Arbetman, Marina; Azat, Claudio; Bacchetta, Gianluigi; Badola, Ruchi; Barcelos, Luis M. D.; Hudson, Michael A.; Barreiros, João P.; Basak, Sayanti; Berger, Danielle J.; Bhattacharyya, Sabuj; Gregory, Andrew J.; Bino, Gilad; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Boughton, Raoul K.; Brockmann, H. Jane; Buckley, Hannah L.; Burfield, Ian J.; Hussain, Syed Ainul; Burton, James; Camacho‐Badani, Teresa; Cano‐Alonso, Luis Santiago; Grunsven, Roy H.A.; Carmichael, Ruth H.; Carrero, Christina; Carroll, John P.; Catsadorakis, Giorgos; Chapple, David G.; Chapron, Guillaume; Chowdhury, Gawsia Wahidunnessa; Huveneers, Charlie; Claassens, Louw; Cogoni, Donatella; Gryzenhout, Marieka; Constantine, Rochelle; Craig, Christie Anne; Cunningham, Andrew A.; Dahal, Nishma; Daltry, Jennifer C.; Das, Goura Chandra; Dasgupta, Niladri; Davey, Alexandra; Jacques, Hélène; Davies, Katharine; Guernsey, Noelle C.; Develey, PedroRecognizing the imperative to evaluate species recovery and conservation impact, in 2012 the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) called for development of a "Green List of Species" (now the IUCN Green Status of Species). A draft Green Status framework for assessing species' progress toward recovery, published in 2018, proposed 2 separate but interlinked components: a standardized method (i.e., measurement against benchmarks of species' viability, functionality, and preimpact distribution) to determine current species recovery status (herein species recovery score) and application of that method to estimate past and potential future impacts of conservation based on 4 metrics (conservation legacy, conservation dependence, conservation gain, and recovery potential). We tested the framework with 181 species representing diverse taxa, life histories, biomes, and IUCN Red List categories (extinction risk). Based on the observed distribution of species' recovery scores, we propose the following species recovery categories: fully recovered, slightly depleted, moderately depleted, largely depleted, critically depleted, extinct in the wild, and indeterminate. Fifty-nine percent of tested species were considered largely or critically depleted. Although there was a negative relationship between extinction risk and species recovery score, variation was considerable. Some species in lower risk categories were assessed as farther from recovery than those at higher risk. This emphasizes that species recovery is conceptually different from extinction risk and reinforces the utility of the IUCN Green Status of Species to more fully understand species conservation status. Although extinction risk did not predict conservation legacy, conservation dependence, or conservation gain, it was positively correlated with recovery potential. Only 1.7% of tested species were categorized as zero across all 4 of these conservation impact metrics, indicating that conservation has, or will, play a role in improving or maintaining species status for the vast majority of these species. Based on our results, we devised an updated assessment framework that introduces the option of using a dynamic baseline to assess future impacts of conservation over the short term to avoid misleading results which were generated in a small number of cases, and redefines short term as 10 years to better align with conservation planning. These changes are reflected in the IUCN Green Status of Species Standard.