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Publication
Percepção das crianças do 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico do concelho das Lajes do Pico (Açores) sobre resíduos sólidos urbanos e a sua gestão
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Abstract(s)
Os problemas ambientais causados pela acção do homem impõem a necessidade de se procurarem formas de desenvolvimento adequadas ao ambiente. Esta problemática é objecto de estudo da Educação Ambiental, que considera as dimensões sociais, políticas, económicas, culturais, ecológicas e éticas das questões ambientais e informa a gestão e conservação da natureza. Um dos principais problemas dos tempos modernos, que necessita de ser enfrentado pela sociedade é o tratamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos. Este assunto tem sido alvo de um conjunto amplo de investigações, que resultam em regulamentações próprias que procuram minimizar este problema ambiental, culminando em diversas campanhas de informação e formação do público em geral. Em Portugal, a ilha do Pico (Região Autónoma dos Açores), é um dos pontos onde a instalação de infra-estruturas adequadas à recepção separada de resíduos sólidos mais terá tardado. Partindo deste conhecimento local, e da importância da escola, cujo principal papel envolve o desenvolvimento nas crianças e jovens de atitudes de respeito pelo ambiente, procurámos, utilizando uma metodologia de carácter predominantemente qualitativa, do tipo descritivo interpretativo, caracterizar o que sabem e o que pensam as crianças a frequentar o último ano do primeiro ciclo do ensino básico de todas escolas do concelho das Lajes do Pico (n=49), sobre resíduos sólidos e a sua gestão. As crianças responderam a um questionário com diversos tipos de perguntas, incluindo associações livres, perguntas abertas, fechadas e de opinião, além de terem elaborado ainda uma composição sobre resíduos sólidos. As respostas destas crianças, com nove e 10 anos de idade, sugerem que detêm alguns conhecimentos sobre resíduos e uma grande abertura e sensibilização para trabalhar temas relacionados com o ambiente. Entre as principais lacunas de conhecimento, destacaram-se o destino final dos resíduos sólidos, o processo de reciclagem, alguma confusão de termos (ex. reciclagem / separação) e omissão de comportamentos de redução e reutilização de bens e recursos. Das variáveis pesquisadas (sexo, idade, habilitações dos pais, frequência de eco-escola), nenhuma se mostrou particularmente consistente na explicação de diferenças de conhecimento ou sensibilização. As principais fontes do conhecimento referidas foram a escola (professores) e a família. Espera-se que este trabalho venha a contribuir para o delineamento de novas planificações por parte dos professores sobre o tema dos resíduos sólidos urbanos de modo a colmatar as lacunas detectadas, contribuindo para a formação integral dos alunos como cidadãos activos e responsáveis.
ABSTRACT: Environmental problems caused by human influence impose the need to find developing behaviours appropriate to the environment. This issue is the object of studying of Environmental Education, which considers the social, political, economic, cultural, ecological and ethical issues and informs the environmental and nature conservation management. The treatment of solid waste is one of the main problems of modern times that need to be faced by society. This subject has attracted a wide range of research that result in their own regulations that seek to minimize this environmental problem, culminating in various information campaigns and training of the general public. In Portugal, Pico Island (Azores), is one of the points where the installation of appropriate infrastructure to receive and separate solid waste has been deferred. From this local knowledge and considering the importance of school, whose main role involves the development of environment respect attitudes in children and young people, we’ve tried, using a predominantly qualitative methodology (descriptive-interpretive), to characterize what the children attending the final year of primary education in all schools in the municipality of Lajes (n = 49) know and think about solid waste and its management. The children answered a questionnaire with several types of questions including free associations, open, closed and opinion questions, and they have also prepared an essay about solid waste. The responses of these children, nine and 10 years of age, suggest that they hold some knowledge about waste and a great openness and awareness to work issues related to the environment. The final destination of solid waste, the recycling process, some confusion of terms (ex. recycle / separation) and omission of reduction behavior and reuse of assets and resources stood out amongst the main gaps in knowledge. None of the research variables, namely, gender, age, qualifications of parents, frequency of eco-school, was particularly consistent in explaining differences in knowledge or awareness. The main sources of knowledge referred were the school (teachers) and the family. It is hoped that this work will contribute to the design of new plans for teachers on the subject of municipal solid waste in order to deal with identified weaknesses, contributing to the integral formation of students as active and responsible citizens.
ABSTRACT: Environmental problems caused by human influence impose the need to find developing behaviours appropriate to the environment. This issue is the object of studying of Environmental Education, which considers the social, political, economic, cultural, ecological and ethical issues and informs the environmental and nature conservation management. The treatment of solid waste is one of the main problems of modern times that need to be faced by society. This subject has attracted a wide range of research that result in their own regulations that seek to minimize this environmental problem, culminating in various information campaigns and training of the general public. In Portugal, Pico Island (Azores), is one of the points where the installation of appropriate infrastructure to receive and separate solid waste has been deferred. From this local knowledge and considering the importance of school, whose main role involves the development of environment respect attitudes in children and young people, we’ve tried, using a predominantly qualitative methodology (descriptive-interpretive), to characterize what the children attending the final year of primary education in all schools in the municipality of Lajes (n = 49) know and think about solid waste and its management. The children answered a questionnaire with several types of questions including free associations, open, closed and opinion questions, and they have also prepared an essay about solid waste. The responses of these children, nine and 10 years of age, suggest that they hold some knowledge about waste and a great openness and awareness to work issues related to the environment. The final destination of solid waste, the recycling process, some confusion of terms (ex. recycle / separation) and omission of reduction behavior and reuse of assets and resources stood out amongst the main gaps in knowledge. None of the research variables, namely, gender, age, qualifications of parents, frequency of eco-school, was particularly consistent in explaining differences in knowledge or awareness. The main sources of knowledge referred were the school (teachers) and the family. It is hoped that this work will contribute to the design of new plans for teachers on the subject of municipal solid waste in order to deal with identified weaknesses, contributing to the integral formation of students as active and responsible citizens.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão e Conservação da Natureza
Keywords
Cidadania Educação Ambiental Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos Ilha do Pico (Açores)