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- Porque odiamos? A exclusão do «Outro» em tempos de crisePublication . Medeiros, Pilar DamiãoNeste artigo, intitulado Porque odiamos? A exclusão do “Outro” em tempos de crise, pretendemos analisar até que ponto as intensas hostilidades e aversões tendem a acentuar numa sociedade agora global, não obstante profundamente marcada por uma variedade de tensões étnicas, culturais e religiosas. O ressurgi¬mento da retórica de direita e dos nacionalismos desencadeados por uma cultura do medo, a crescente xenofobia instigada pelo ódio ao “Outro” e a quase ininterrupta presença do terrorismo não só violam os mais básicos Direitos Humanos, como nos fazem recordar o indizível horror, crueldade e barbárie humana praticada ao longo do século XX, que ainda permeia a nossa memória coletiva – as duas Grandes Guerras, o Holocausto, o massacre dos Arménios pelos Turcos, os Gulags, o massacre de Nanking, o conflito no Vietnam, o genocídio de Ruanda, a Guerra nos Balcãs, entre outros. […].
- Medo : o novo mal-estar da humanidadePublication . Medeiros, Pilar Damião; Fontes, Paulo VitorinoIncerteza, insegurança e vulnerabilidade tornaram-se lugares comuns nas sociedades contemporâneas. Este artigo pretende uma reflexão interdisciplinar sobre a construção social e política do medo na modernidade líquida. Zygmunt Bauman, Leonidas Donskis, Martha Nussbaum, Hannah Arendt, Ulrich Beck, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Bernard Henry-Levy e Umberto Eco são alguns dos autores que iremos colocar em diálogo para melhor compreender as múltiplas narrativas do medo numa era profundamente marcada pela destruição das certezas sociais, pelo agravamento das desigualdades sociais, pelas lógicas de um capitalismo predador, pelo ressurgimento de nacionalismos de exclusão, bem como de particularismos étnico-culturais, que se movem a partir de discursos xenófobos e racistas e, por fim, pelos novos riscos, como a degradação ecológica e como a pandemia COVID19, que atualmente assola as sociedades contemporâneas e domestica os comportamentos sociais.
- Os Anos Trump : o Mundo em Transe, de Eduardo P. FerreiraPublication . Medeiros, Pilar DamiãoEm Os Anos Trump: O Mundo em Transe, Eduardo Paz Ferreira convida-nos a refletir criticamente sobre a desumanidade dissolvente e a estranheza do nosso modus vivendi, agora temperado pela ação de um protagonista que mais parece ter saído de uma peça do teatro do absurdo: Donald Trump. Pese embora ter a realidade norte-americana como principal objeto de análise, o autor destaca, por um lado, os efeitos nefastos do impulso impessoal do neoliberalismo encabeçado pelo “Homem de Davos”, e, por outro, condena o regresso aos populismos étnico-culturais tribalistas, aos autoritarismos, aos ódios nacionalistas e racistas, que ressoam aos velhos tambores das reivindicações territoriais. Eduardo Paz Ferreira denuncia a crescente indiferença moral das consciências entorpecidas que se alimentam abundantemente de um ethos infantil da cultura fun, e desconstrói quadros de narrativa suportados pela atual hipersimplificação política e mediática. Através do seu saber enciclopédico, da sua eloquência crítica e do seu agudo sentido analítico, Paz Ferreira alerta-nos para os perigos de uma caixa de Pandora que se abriu e ameaça a sobrevivência da humanidade. Bem sabe que o status quo não é uma solução viável. Ou o alteramos e melhoramos ou destruímo-lo. […].
- Creative tourism on islands : a review of the literaturePublication . Baixinho, Alexandra; Santos, Carlos; Couto, Gualter; Albergaria, Isabel Soares de; Silva, Leonor Sampaio da; Medeiros, Pilar Damião; Simas, Rosa NevesIn the last two decades, creative tourism has evolved as a burgeoning field, encompassing a wide range of concepts and practices, in di_erent places around the world. From the very beginning, however, creative tourism has aimed to contribute to sustainable development and increased community wellbeing, as an alternative to mass cultural tourism. With this review article, our main objective is to identify and analyze a body of literature that specifically addresses creative tourism in islands, contributing to fill a gap in the knowledge since no reviews with this focus have yet been undertaken. Our aim is to provide a critical overview of creative tourism experiences at island destinations worldwide, addressing the plurality of empirical contexts and methodological approaches found in academic research. This review highlights the key trends in creative tourism, pointing out two distinct approaches: creative tourism in urban contexts, based on creative events, “cultural clusters” or Cultural and Creative Industries (CCIs), versus community-focused small-scale tourism experiences in rural contexts. This paper also provides an opportunity to assess the evolution of sustainable creative tourism approaches in islands.
- Analyzing Pilot Projects of Creative Tourism in an Ultra-Peripheral Region : Which guidelines can be extracted for sustainable regional development?Publication . Santos, Carlos; Couto, Gualter; Albergaria, Isabel Soares de; Silva, Leonor Sampaio da; Medeiros, Pilar Damião; Simas, Rosa Neves; Castanho, Rui AlexandreSeveral authors have shown that some tourism typologies - i.e., rural tourism, nature-based tourism, or creative tourism - have a more predominant role in attaining regional sustainability. In this regard, this paper explores the impacts of five pilot projects of creative tourism on the sustainable development of the insular Autonomous Region of the Azores. Through direct exploratory tools, such as interviews and site analyses, the present study enabled us to provide greater insight into creative tourism projects and their relevance to the development of an ultra-peripheral island region. As part of the CREATOUR AZORES Project, this study is based on five creative tourism pilot projects operating in the Azores, Portugal. As such, it is recommended that the regional government, local authorities, and other relevant actors and players in this region actively support and create strategies to strengthen these projects (and similar initiatives) once they not only contribute to regional development and destination promotion but also promote much-desired sustainable development - once these kinds of tourism, in theory, and practice, counteract the dire effects of mass tourism.
- Clara Ferreira Alves : O jornalismo engagé na era líquidaPublication . Medeiros, Pilar DamiãoEste ensaio pretende uma análise sociológica sobre o compromisso público da intelectual Portuguesa Clara Ferreira Alves [CFA]. Após uma breve resenha em torno da vasta bibliografia que se debruça sobre a relevância do papel, bem como as múltiplas representações dos intelectuais desde finais do século XIX, iremos abordar de que forma a criatividade literária, o jornalismo crítico e a persuasão retórica de CFA, ancoradas por um sólido capital cultural, despertam uma profunda reflexão sobre a complexidade social da nossa modernidade líquida.
- Como Salvar um Mundo Doente, de Eduardo Paz FerreiraPublication . Medeiros, Pilar Damião[…]. Como Salvar um Mundo Doente retrata um mundo que, mesmo antes da chegada do vírus, já apresentava sintomas de profunda debilidade moral manifestada na inanidade, no caráter obsceno do desprendimento, do enfraquecimento das responsabilidades e na frivolidade perante as narrativas de sofrimento dos “outros”. Enquanto enuncia as consequências danosas que já se vinham alastrando nos diversos domínios da sociedade, nomeadamente nos campos económico, social e político, fruto de uma “globalização negativa” (Z. Bauman), Eduardo Paz Ferreira apresenta também propostas concretas para uma sociedade mais justa, solidária, sustentável e democrática. […].
- Erik Erikson on Negative Identity & Pseudospeciation : Extended and Particularized by Ta-Nehisi CoatesPublication . Friedman, Lawrence J.; Medeiros, Pilar DamiãoOne can feel challenged in this chilling time when sundry variations of ultra-nationalism have become quite discernable in the USA, Europe, the Middle East, and parts of Africa. They have often taken the form of a rhetoric of fear and hatred toward “undesirables.” In this time of trouble in an increasingly nuclearized world, it is well to turn to Erik Erikson. His related concepts of “negative identity” and “pseudospeciation” need to be addressed more fully than they have in recent decades. Much is to be gained by both academic discussion and public debate over these two Erikson concepts. They signal elements in his “Way of Looking at Things.” More immediately, they help us address the crude and dangerous ultra-nationalisms of our time. Sensitive to the intimate relationship between the inner self and the outer social circumstances, Erikson, began in the mid and late 1940s to shape his most central concept - identity formation. It is well to refresh ourselves on the qualities he assigned to identity, for without that recall, one can hardly come to grips with his concepts of “universal Specieshood” and “pseudospeciation”, both of which emerged from it. In Childhood and Society [1], perhaps his most innovative book, Erikson displayed a marked cross-cultural perspective, comparing psychological development in several countries and cultures. While “officially” pledging fealty to Freudian psychoanalysis, Erikson was more attentive than Freud had been to ways the social circumstances of a society impacted the inner psyches of its members. Most importantly, Childhood and Society introduced the concept of an eight-stage human life cycle that was anchored in a struggle to garner and sustain personal identity. There is profit in recognizing here that Erikson’s concept of identity was initially formulated more than three decades before in his still unpublished “Manuscript von Erik.” It is the story of his Wanderschaft amidst a troubled adolescence. Identity was characterized in this narrative as a personal sense of sameness and historical continuity through which life seemed to cohere1. The “Manuscript” captured young Erik’s thoughts and tensions at the time. Identity was cast within what later came to be called the stages of the human life cycle. Indeed, it became central to these stages. The life cycle involved a person moving toward and sustaining a viable sense of identity. Long before he had even heard of Freud, the “Manuscript von Erik” essentially represented the beginning of an intellectual process that left us with Childhood and Society. The initial “Manuscript” centered on a tension between one’s inner subconscious drives and the needs of society, and this became the essence of his premier book. It is no service to scholarship that “Manuscript von Erik” has never been published and made readily available to scholars. Each of the eight stages in Erikson’s delineation of the human life cycle is to be construed as a polarity-a positive and hopeful disposition counterpointed by a pole that reduced the vibrancy of everyday existence. The first stage underscored the pole of trust that (hopefully) overshadowed the opposite pole mistrust [2]. The next stage, infancy, featured the polarity of autonomy on the one hand and shame on the other. There followed “initiative” vs. “guilt”, “industry over a sense of inferiority, the all-important quality of “identity” over “role diffusion” during adolescence, “intimacy” rather than “isolation” in young adulthood, “generativity” over “self-absorption” during midlife, and finally a sense of “integrity” over “despair” in old age. [Introduction]
- Sustainable creative tourism on islands and the pandemic: The Creatour Azores projectPublication . Baixinho, Alexandra; Santos, Carlos; Couto, Gualter; Albergaria, Isabel Soares de; Silva, Leonor Sampaio da; Medeiros, Pilar Damião; Simas, Rosa NevesAs the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic was felt worldwide, the tourism sector was forced to seek ways of reinventing itself. Two decades prior to this crisis, in varied rural areas and island contexts, small-scale, community-based creative tourism had appeared as a sustainable place-making solution to foster place vitality, competitive distinctiveness, regenerative development and destination resilience. From an island perspective, this article presents the theoretical framework, methodological approaches, and empirical practices of the Creatour Azores project, which was carried out in the North Atlantic archipelago of the Azores from 2019-2022. Given this timeframe, the investigators and pilot projects that implemented this research-practice project were confronted with the COVID-19 pandemic, which accentuated the isolation and remoteness that tend to characterize islandscapes, especially peripheral islands such as the Azores. At the same time, however, this devastating global pandemic, which impacted the tourism sector especially, ended up offering unexpected opportunities along with special challenges, seeming to underscore the relevance of studies focused on the isolation and remoteness that characterize islandscapes. After describing the project methodologies and practices, as well as the adjustments adopted due to the pandemic, this article considers future possibilities for creative tourism on islands, in general, and in the Azores.
- O ideal de autenticidade no pensamento de Charles TaylorPublication . Fontes, Paulo Vitorino; Medeiros, Pilar DamiãoA nossa pesquisa considera a Ética da Autenticidade uma obra síntese da teoria política de Charles Taylor, a partir da qual realiza uma avaliação crítica da cultura moderna ocidental e analisa as suas principais maleitas para seguidamente destacar o seu princípio de vitalidade: a autenticidade. A autenticidade foi, ao longo da história ocidental, considerada como sendo uma busca individual do eu, baseada numa racionalidade desvinculada, que não considerava os horizontes de sentido ou as relações com os outros significantes. Através da teoria de Taylor, essa perspetiva mudou: a autenticidade agora é descrita como um ideal moral dialógico, fundamentada no reconhecimento. A contínua construção da nossa identidade depende das relações de reconhecimento, como modo próprio de salvaguardar a existência eticamente autêntica.